《土生子》中別格的自我實(shí)現(xiàn)之路_30910.pdf

1、上海交通大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ChapterOneIntroduction第1頁ChapterOneIntroduction1.1RidWrightHisNativeSon1.1.1RidWrightRidWrightwasbnonSeptember41908onafarmoutsideNatchezMississippi.HisgrparentswereslaveshismaternalgrfatheroncefoughtintheCivi

2、lWar.HisfatherNathanWrightunabletoreadwriteservedasasharecropperwhopossessednolofhisownbutfarmedawhiteman’sl.HismotherEllaWilsonWrightwasonceaschoolteacherbutlatergaveupherprofessiontohelpwiththefarming.In1912aincottonpr

3、icefcedWright’sfatheroffhislmovingthefamilytoMemphisTennessee.Whenhewassixhisfatherdesertedthefamilymakingtheiralreadyimpoverishedlifememiserable.Tosupptthefamilyhismotherbecameacookinawhitefamilyleavingtheboysbythemselv

4、esallday.FromthenonthesixyearoldWrighthadtolearntotakeontheresponsibilityofthehousewhilehismotherwasatwk.In1915hismotherbecameseriouslysickplacedhersonsinanphanagefblackchildrenthat“feedshimwithallthegrudgingcontemptofaD

5、ickensianinstitution”(Warnes5).FedupwiththegnawingpangsofhungerWrighttriedtoescapebutwascaughtuppunishedwithaspranking.Atlastinthelatespringof19161917hismothercametothephagetotakethemawaystaywithhisgrparentsinJacksonMiss

6、issippi.ThemovetoWright’sgrparentsdidnotimprovetheirlivingconditionsmuch.Hewasfcedtosubsistonmushreceivedlotsofbeatings.HisgrmotheraSeventhDayAdventistregardedliteratureastheDevilstufffbadWrighttoreadanyofthem.OnedayWrig

7、htsawthelodgerabsedinreadingbeggedhertotellhimwhatitsaid.NothavingthehearttodisappointtheboyshetoldhimthestyofBluebeardhissevenwivesdescribinghowBluebeardmurderedsixofthemhungthemupbythehairwhichmesmerizedhim.Regretfully

8、itwasfoundoutbyhisgrmotherwhodrovethelodgeraway.HoweversheleftapermenantlegacyenablingWrighttodiscoverthe上海交通大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ChapterOneIntroduction第3頁ganizationsponsedbythecommunistpartywhichwasanimptantdevelopmentinhisdetermina

9、tiontobeawriter.HejoinedtheCommunistPartyinthesameyearfunctionedastheexecutivesecretaryofthelocalJohnReedClub.In1934heacceptedapositionassupervisinaclubfyoungblackmenanexperiencecontributingalottothecreationofNativeSon.W

10、rightmovedtoNewYkin1937totakethepositionofHarlemeditfDailyWkerthemajcommunistnewspaperintheUnitedStates.ShtlyafterwinningtheStycompetitionheproposedtoadleclassblackwomanbutwasrejectedcruellybyherfatherowingtohisfinancial

11、conditions.In1939hemarriedDhimaRoseMeadmanamoderndanceteacherofRussianJewishancestrybutthecoupledivcedayearlater.HethenmarriedEllenPoplarin1941whowasanactivememberoftheCommunistPartydespiteherfamily’sstrongobjections.The

12、yhadtwodaughtersJuliaRachel.In1942hewithdrewfromtheCommunistpartywithoutpublicitytwoyearslaterannouncedhisbreakwiththepartyinanAtlanticMonthlyarticle“ITriedtoBeaCommunist”.AfterWldWarIIWrightacceptedtheFrenchgovernment’s

13、invitationtovisitPariswherehewasreceivedeagerlybyFrenchintellectuals.In1947toescapefromracismhereturnedtoPariswithhiswifedaughterwheretheybecamepermanentexpatriates.InFrancehestruckagoodrelationshipwithimptantFrenchwrite

14、rssuchasJeanPaulSartreSimonrDeBeauvoirwhoexertedagreatinfluenceonWrighthiswks.DuringhisstayinFrancehetravelledthroughEuropeAfricaAsiawhichlaidagoodfoundationfhisnumerousnonfictionwks.HediedofheartfailureonNovember281960i

15、nParis.WrightwoninternationalfamefhisfictionswhichincludedUncleTom’sChildren(1938)NativeSon(1940)BlackBoy(1945)TheOutsider(1953)SavageHoliday(1954)TheLongDream(1958)LawdToday(1963).HefirstattractedattentionwithUncleTom’s

16、ChildrenexplingthebrutalrealityofSouthernracism.Itwona$500StymagazingprizefthebestwkfromtheFederalWriters’Project.HethenreachedthecareerpeakwiththepublicationofNativeSongenerallyconsideredashismasterpiece.ItwasthefirstBo

17、okoftheMonthClubrecommendationfromablackwriterselling250000copiesinitsfirstrun.In1945hepublishedBlackBoythefirsthalfofhisautobigraphy.LikewiseitwasedbytheBookoftheMonthClubwonimmediateacclaim.TheOutsiderwasanovelobviousl