基于GIS的勉縣滑坡危險性評價研究.pdf

1、論文題目：基于 GIS 的勉縣滑坡危險性評價研究 專 業(yè)：環(huán)境工程 碩 士 生：鄭亮亮 （簽名） 指導(dǎo)老師：薛喜成 （簽名） 摘 要 受多種因素的綜合影響， 近年來山區(qū)各種地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻頻發(fā)生， 給人們的生產(chǎn)和生活 帶來巨大的損失，不得不引起人們的普遍關(guān)注。陜西省南部地區(qū)位于秦巴山地，是我國 地質(zhì)災(zāi)害非常嚴重的地區(qū)，山區(qū)滑坡災(zāi)害尤為突出。 本文以陜西勉縣為研究范圍， 以山區(qū)滑坡為重點研究對象， 在大量現(xiàn)場調(diào)查工作的 基礎(chǔ)上，首先對

2、該區(qū)的滑坡災(zāi)害進行了分類，分析了滑坡災(zāi)害的分布與發(fā)育規(guī)律，探索 了滑坡發(fā)生的地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件及其主要影響因素。 在滑坡影響因素分析的基礎(chǔ)上， 篩選滑 坡危險性評價指標(biāo)， 建立了滑坡危險性評價指標(biāo)體系。 選取地層巖性、 地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、 地貌、 坡度、高程、降雨量、地震動峰值加速度、土地利用類型以及人類工程活動等做為滑坡 災(zāi)害發(fā)育的主要影響指標(biāo)。 在上述工作基礎(chǔ)上，以 GIS 為基礎(chǔ)依托，采用模糊綜合評判為量化評價模型，借助 層次分析法確定了評價指

3、標(biāo)的權(quán)重， 對研究區(qū)的滑坡災(zāi)害進行了危險性綜合評價， 實現(xiàn) 了滑坡災(zāi)害的危險性區(qū)劃。論文最終按照危險性程度將研究區(qū)的滑坡劃分為 4 個等級， 即滑坡災(zāi)害極低危險性區(qū)、 滑坡災(zāi)害低危險性區(qū)、 滑坡災(zāi)害中危險性區(qū)和滑坡災(zāi)害高危 險性區(qū)。其中滑坡災(zāi)害高危險性區(qū)主要分布在南北丘陵區(qū)、西北部低中山地區(qū)；滑坡災(zāi) 害中危險性區(qū)主要分布在勉縣南北邊界的低中山地區(qū)以及中部低中山區(qū)， 與滑坡災(zāi)害高 易發(fā)區(qū)相鄰；滑坡災(zāi)害低危險性區(qū)主要分布在北部低中山區(qū)，與

4、中易發(fā)區(qū)交界處；滑坡 災(zāi)害極低危險性區(qū)主要分布在盆地區(qū)，該區(qū)域主要是人類居住區(qū)，地勢平坦，不易發(fā)生 滑坡災(zāi)害。 關(guān)鍵詞：勉縣；滑坡；危險性評價，GIS，模糊綜合評判，層次分析法 研究類型：應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究Subject : GIS­based risk evaluation for landslide in Mianxian County Specialty : Environmental Engineering Name

5、 : Zheng Liangliang (Signature) Instructor : Xue Xicheng (Signature) ABSTRACT Due to a variety of factors, geological disasters occurred frequently in recent years, giving people a huge loss of life

6、, had cause for concern. Shaanxi is the southern region of geological disasters are more serious, especially landslide hazards. In this paper, the research scope of Mianxian County, Shaanxi, landslides in mountainous are

7、as to focus the study, on the basis of extensive field investigation work, first of landslide disaster in this region have been classified,and analysis of the distribution and development regularity of landslide hazards,

8、 explore the causes of landslide geological environmental conditions and the main influence factors.In the analysis of influencing factors on the basis of landslide, screening indexes of landslide hazard evaluation,then

9、creating a landslide hazard evaluation index system, select geological lithology, geological structure, topography, slope, elevation, rainfall, peak ground acceleration, land use types and human engineering activities as

10、 a major development impact indicators landslide hazard. In the work, based on the use of gis, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of quantitative evaluation model, using AHP to determine the rights of the evaluation index we

11、ight of landslide hazards in the study area were risk evaluation, to achieve a landslide disaster hazard zonation. Final papers will be in accordance with the degree of risk of landslides in the study area is divided int

12、o four levels, namely that is a very low risk of landslide disaster area, the low risk of landslide hazard areas, landslide hazard areas and the risk of landslide hazards in high­risk areas. High risk of landslide d

13、isaster which mainly distributed in the hilly area of north­south, northwest of low Zhongshan region? landslide disaster risk areas are mainly located in the north­south border Mianxian low Zhongshan region, as

14、 well as low in the middle of the mountains, and landslide disaster­prone areas with high o? low risk of landslide disaster area mainly in the northern low in the mountains, in the junction­prone areas? very lo