給排水外文翻譯---淺談建筑給排水節(jié)水技術(shù)（英文）

1、The Discussion of Water-saving Technology about Water Supply and Drainage in Building Qi Junfeng1,*, Yang Yanyan2, Hu Linpeng3 1. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Jilin Institute of Architecture and Civ

2、il Engineering, Changchun, P.R.China 2. Department of Thermal Energy Engineering, Collage of Automobile Engineering, JiLin University, Changchun, P.R.China 3. Yatai Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. Changchun, Changchun,

3、 P.R.China jlsqjf@126.com Abstract—According to the present situation of building water supply and drainage, analyzing the water-saving techniques of building water supply and drainage to achieve effective utilization

4、 of water resource. The water-saving techniques mainly include reasonably limiting the pressure of water distribution points and avoiding overpressure flow; perfecting hot water supply system and reducing ineffectual

5、cold water; adopting water-saving water-dispensing fixtures and sanitary ware; promoting the utilization of high-quality pipe and valve; and improving the current construction of fire pool as well as developing and p

6、romoting the technology of utilization of reclaimed water and rainwater. Key words-building water supply and drainage; water conservation; techniques. I. INTRODUCTION Water is a strategic resource which is related to h

7、uman survival and development. The total water resources in our country ranks sixth in the world, but the per capita possession of water resources is only a quarter of world average. The distribution of water resource

8、s is extremely uneven in our country, and two-thirds of cities nationwide have varying degrees water shortage. In recent years, city life suffers growing shortage of water resources and water pollution, which not onl

9、y distress the people's livelihood but also has become a major constraining factor that preventing socioeconomic sustainable development. Therefore, we should focus on water-saving. Construction water-saving is s

10、ystem engineering. Except for formulating relevant laws and regulations related to water-saving, strengthening daily management and public education, using price leverage to promote water saving, in addition effective

11、 technical measures should be taken to ensure the implementation of construction water-saving thoroughly [1] . II. REASONABLE LIMIT THE PRESSURE OF WATER DISTRIBUTION POINTS AND AVOID OVERPRESSURE FLOW In article 3.3.

12、5 of Code for Design of Building of Water Supply and Drainage, domestic water supply system of high-rise building should be vertical division. The hydrostatic pressure of residential water distribution points is less t

13、han 0.35 MPa, while office building’s is less than 0.45 MPa. In special circumstances the hydrostatic pressure is less than 0.55 MPa。Although the code makes certain restrictive provision for the maximum pressure of wa

14、ter supply fittings and service pipe, this is considered from preventing the damage caused by high pressure of water supply fittings not from the angle of preventing overpressure flow. An experimental result of a wat

15、er-saving tap shows that the maximum flow rate is 0.46 L/s when tap fully open, the corresponding dynamic pressure is 0.22 MPa and hydrostatic pressure is 0.3 MPa. According to the rated flow q = 0. 15 L/s which is re

16、garded as the standard, the flow rate when water-saving tap fully open is 3 times of the rated flow. In another measured survey for 67 taps, there were 47 taps which exceeded the rated flow [2]. The over-limit ratio

17、reaches 61%. Therefore, the problem of overpressure flow in water supply system is serious and following measures should be adopted. A. Reasonably determine the pressure of water supply The pressure of water supply su

18、barea should be acted according to Code for Design of Building of Water Supply and Drainage, while the best use hydraulic pressure of sanitary wares is between 0.10 MPa and 0.20 MPa, most of them are in overpressure f

19、low. In recent years, branch pipe decompression was widely used in projects, which became an important measure for water-saving. In the lower part of water supply subarea, the hydrostatic pressure of water supply aft

20、er decompression should take low value as possible on the condition that it satisfies the demand of rated flow of sanitary wares’ water supply fittings. It is suggested that, in higher part of water supply subarea, de

21、compression measures should be taken when the lowest hydrostatic pressure of sanitary wares’ water distribution points is more than 0.15 MPa. B. Adopt decompression measures Properly allocating relief fitting in wate

22、r supply system means that hydraulic pressure should be limited within limiting value and reduce the threat of overpressure flow. 2010 International Conference on Digital Manufacturing hydraulic valve is the upgrading

23、 products of float valves. In the same conditions, we should give priority to the selection of the better water-saving valves. VI. IMPROVE THE CURRENT CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE POOL According to the current code in our coun

24、try, fire pool should be established when municipal water supply pipelines, water supply pipes or natural water cannot meet fire demand; when the municipal water supply pipeline is branched or there is only one water

25、inlet pipe(except for second residential building). The volume of fire pool should meet the requirements of indoor and outdoor water use within the fire duration time. In this way, the volume of fire pool of every hi

26、gh-rise building is very large by calculated, the volume will be from several hundreds of cubic meters to more than several thousand cubic meters. Generally the construction of fire pool has two ways, namely the combin

27、ation of fire pool and drinking water tank, the construction of fire pool independently. In the case of combination of fire pool and drinking water tank, since most buildings’ fire water-storage is much greater than d

28、rink water-storage, drink water stays too long in tank to result poor water quality because of the exhaust of residual chlorine. Therefore，drinking water tank and fire pool should be established separately in the new

29、 building construction. Not only the construction of fire pool independently occupies valuable building space that costs a lot of construction investment, but also fire water is easy to be smelly because of fire wate

30、r’s lower frequency of use. In order to ensure fire water quality, we have to replace fire water regularly which results in waste of water resource. Therefore, I put forward some suggestions about the construction o

31、f fire pool. A. Adapt the regional cooperation mode of fire pool With the development of city construction, the density of high-rise buildings grows quickly. Government departments should coordinate the relevant units

32、and departments to promote that the adjacent buildings in the same block share the same fire pool and establish shared control center according to the actual situation. The design of fire pool should be accordance wi

33、th the maxim fire water volume of building use. Relevant beneficiaries undertake certain cost according to the scale of building. In this way, we can save investment, reduce waste water, and ensure the fire water. B.

34、 Develop reclaimed water as the source of fire water At present, some cities with severe water shortages in our country have carried out to explore the construction of reclaimed water system. It demands that reclaimed w

35、ater system should be established in the public buildings, especially in large hotels, guesthouses, etc. If we develop reclaimed water as the source of fire water, the source of drinking water can be saved in large q

36、uantity. If we recycle reclaimed water reasonably, utilize reclaimed water and combine it with fire water to form effective circulation, the secondary pollution problem caused by the long time stay of fire water can

37、be solved. C. Make full use of municipal water resources With the continuous development and promotion of City Water Supply Networks, the capacity and reliability of municipal water supply are greatly improved. When

38、municipal waterline network can satisfy the demand of fire water during fire hazard, the indoor fire pool was suggested to be canceled and directly draw water from municipal water pipe networks. VII. DEVELOP AND PROMO

39、TE THE TECHNOLOGY ABOUT UTILIZATION OF RECLAIMED WATER AND RAINWATER The water saving of building means not only to reduce the need of water, but also to increase the available water. In the regions with severe water-sh

40、ortage, to enhance the efficiency of usage of reclaimed water and rainwater is an important part of water-saving. Reclaimed water is no-potable water of kinds of drainage water after processed complying with the water

41、quality standard. It can be used as toilet-flushing, urban greening, vehicles-washing, fire, etc. within life, the municipal administration, the environment. According to the data, after use of water-reuse system, re

42、sidential water consumption will save 30%- 40%; and at the same time the emissions will reduce 35% ~ 50%; commercial residential district can save 70%; scientific research institution can save water around 40%; for g

43、eneral residential community it can save 30% [5]. With the development of city and the improvement of living standards, the city’s water consumption will continue to increase. In the area with the shortage of availabl

44、e water resources, the price of water will maintain a certain growth rate, thus the construction of the second water resource is economically viable. It is the effective measures for reclamation of sewage and water s

45、aving, it also is the inevitable direction of the development of water saving. Similar to reclaimed water, rain recycling is the rainwater through collection, storage, handling, and to be used as miscellaneous water. S

46、ince 1980, Europe, Japan and other countries, one after another, have carried out investigation about rainwater collection and utilization. Research shows that, if rainwater collection and utilization system is estab