[雙語翻譯]bim外文翻譯--在bim環(huán)境中整合生命周期評(píng)估

1、2900 英文單詞， 英文單詞，15500 英文字符，中文 英文字符，中文 4500 字文獻(xiàn)出處： 文獻(xiàn)出處：Antón L Á, Díaz J. Integration of Life Cycle Assessment in a BIM Environment[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2014, 85(6):26-32.Integration of life cycle ass

2、essment in a BIM environmentLaura Alvarez Anton, Joaquin DiazAbstractCurrently, the construction industry is turning towards sustainability. Nevertheless, in order to achieve a sustainable performance, a balance between

3、environmental, social and economic criteria has to be created. There are already different tools available which have the potential to reach this goal. It is necessary to identify them as such and find out how they can b

4、e integrated to obtain synergies and contribute to sustainable construction. These tools have to be implemented in early design phases so as to add value to the project. In the present paper, two powerful methods, namely

5、 BIM and LCA, will be highlighted. Such methods can be of great assistance in the context of sustainability. On the one hand, BIM supports integrated design and improves information management and cooperation between the

6、 different stakeholders throughout the different project life-cycle phases. On the other hand, LCA is a suitable method for assessing environmental performance. Both LCA and BIM should be integrated in the decision-makin

7、g process at an early stage with a view to achieving a holistic overview of the project, including environmental criteria, from the beginning.Keywords: Building Information Modeling (BIM); Construction Industry; Design P

8、hase; Integration; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Sustainability1. IntroductionThe construction industry is moving towards sustainability. At the same time, the sector is facing new challenges. Costs need to be reduced, wh

9、ile quality has to be improved. In addition, further demands, such as reducing energy and resources consumption, must be met [1].Sustainability is generally described as being based on environmental, social and economic

10、aspects. Ideally, there should be a balance between these three pillars. In other words, sustainable construction may be characterized as having the lowest environmental impact while enjoying a high level of social and e

11、conomic development [2].At present, the construction industry is inefficient, and there is a need of change. Such inefficiency is mainly caused by industry-specific features, such as lack of cooperation and wasted resour

12、ces [3].One of the aims of the construction industry is to profit from the knowledge and technology currently available for achieving a sustainable performance [4]. There are already a number of assessment tools in use w

13、ith regard to construction, but they do not provide universal evaluation. Such a tool must be able to evaluate construction performance based on various criteria and, at the same time, integrate the information in the de

14、sign framework. In this way, it becomes possible to compare different alternatives [2]. Among the already existing tools and methodologies that can be applied in the construction industry are Building Information Modelin

15、g (BIM) and LifeCycle Assessment (LCA). However, in most cases, these tools are not being used beneficially.This paper will assess the properties of both methodologies, showing how and in which The particular features of

16、 BIM make it into an appropriate method for achieving sustainable construction. It has a positive impact on the three pillars of sustainability. Firstly, with regard to economic aspects, the better quality of information

17、 leads to cost reduction. Various alternatives can be analyzed in the early design phases of a project, which improves efficiency and decision-making. Secondly, with regard to social aspects, BIM-based analysis and simul

18、ation make it possible to assess different parameters, such as daylight, which leads to an improvement in working and living conditions. Such assessments are more complex without the use of BIM-based tools. Thirdly, with

19、 regard to environmental aspects, BIM software can be applied in different ways, e.g. energy analysis [9]. It should be pointed out, however, that its capacity for evaluating environmental issues will be enhanced if it i

20、s integrated with LCA tools.Generally, it can be said that BIM has a huge potential for achieving sustainability in the construction industry. However, it is currently underused mainly due to a lack of interoperability [

21、10]. By creating synergies with other methodologies, such as LCA, the overall scope of BIM could be increased.2.3. Environmental criteria in the early design phases (LCA)At the present time, there is growing concern abou

22、t the environmental impacts of the construction industry. Lifecycle assessment (LCA) can be seen as one of the most suitable methods for assessing such impacts as a whole [11].LCA may be used as an assessment tool for de

23、cision-making in terms of sustainable construction [12]. However, it has some drawbacks that need to be solved before it is integrated in the design process.One of the main drawbacks of LCA is that it depends on the qual

24、ity and availability of the data. It is frequently the case that there are simply not enough data or the available data are not up to date or below standard. This will lead to assumptions which, in turn, make the assessm

25、ent inaccurate [11].The lack of project information is an obstacle for LCA performance during the early project phases and, as such, one of the reasons why, in the majority of cases, LCA is performed after the design pha

26、se. As a matter of fact, in Europe, LCA is often only done for certification purposes after the building has been completed [13]. As mentioned above, the phases with the highest potential for influencing a project are at

27、 the beginning. Therefore, in order to improve overall environmental performance, LCA tools have to be implemented in these early design phases. Indeed, manual re-entry of project information into LCA tools constitutes a

28、 major problem as it is a redundant, failure-ridden and time-consuming task. As a rule, the data are already contained in the building model, so there is really no need to enter them again. If the building information ha

29、s to be re-entered, the risk of mistakes and misunderstandings increases. By integrating BIM and LCA, this problem could be solved, since the LCA tools would have direct access to the BIM information [14].As a matter of

30、fact, there is a general lack of standardization concerning LCA procedures. The existing ISO standard provides a general framework, but does not indicate individual methodology [11].Environmental assessment of the entire

31、 building is a complex procedure due to the multifaceted constructions, which, in themselves, are made up of a wide variety of products. Each of these products has its own features and life span, which means that they ha