[雙語翻譯]眾籌融資外文翻譯--促進眾籌融資方式的比較分析（英文）

1、 Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 213 ( 2015 ) 268 – 274 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com1877-0428 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC

2、BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of Kaunas University of Technology, School of Economics and Business doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.536 ScienceDirec

3、t20th International Scientific Conference Economics and Management - 2015 (ICEM-2015)Comparative analysis of the ways crowdfunding is promotedSima Jegelevi?????a,*, Lo???????????????ba,b??????????????????????????????????

4、???????????????? 73, Kaunas LT-44239, LithuaniaAbstractThe paper aims at describing and comparing the ways crowdfunding is promoted. In this paper, a list of crowdfunding organizations and their aims is provided as well

5、 as an overview of crowdfunding regulations in the USA, UK, Canada, Germany, France, Australia and Italy (the highest performing countries based on the number of successful projects). Also, the main actions which need

6、to be carried out in order to foster crowdfunding are outlined and an overview on the efforts of the above mentioned countries to carry out these actions is discussed. It is suggested that though all the analysed countr

7、ies are creating legal frameworks, educating entrepreneurs and promoting successful crowdfunding cases, other actions such as promoting a quality label for crowdfunding platforms, investor education issues and creating

8、 an overview of good crowdfunding platforms are carried out only by several of them. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of Kaunas University of Technology, School of Ec

9、onomics and Business.Keywords: Crowdfunding; Entrepreneurship; Start-ups.IntroductionCrowdfunding is defined as a new method of financing, based on an intermediary (internet platform), which links backers / investors, w

10、ho are ordinary people willing to invest small amounts into favourable projects, to entrepreneurs / start-ups, which usually represent brave new ideas and have problems with attracting finance using other ways. Crowdfu

11、nding is believed to be beneficial not only for backers / investors and entrepreneurs / start-ups, but also for governments and economy. It is expected to bolster entrepreneurial activity (Allison et al., 2015), stimul

12、ate economic recovery, create jobs and foster innovations (Golic, 2014; Rossi, 2014, Cavaliere et al., 2014). In order to take advantage of these benefits, governments seek for ways to promote crowdfunding. These ways d

13、iffer * Corresponding author. Tel.: +370-37-300565. E-mail address: sima.jegeleviciute@ktu.edu© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://crea

14、tivecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of Kaunas University of Technology, School of Economics and Business270 Sima Jegelevi?iūt? and Loreta Valan?ien? / Procedia - Social and Behavi

15、oral Sciences 213 ( 2015 ) 268 – 274 believe that they “represent a positive case, having followed the many suggestions coming from the relevant stakeholders in the market, which have now contributed to make it a

16、fairly good legal framework for crowdfunding to flourish in the country“(ECN). In France, all crowdfunding types are working and crowdfunding received a significant boost in 2014 when the government released regulation

17、s governing the new form of finance (1st of October, 2014). According to the ECN (2014), the regulation should have a positive impact on the crowdfunding market, even though it ?sets some limits to current practices ai

18、ming firstly to protect investors“.Table 1. An overview of crowdfunding associationsName Found ed in Country / region AimEuropean Crowd- funding Network (ECN) 2011 (2013) EuropeTo promote crowdfunding ; Provide resourc

19、es, professional support and a forum ; Publicize community successes, impacts and scale of ambitions, as well as promote innovative financial solutions for funding social Create and influence the political discourse

20、regarding crowdfunding within the EU;World Crowdfund Federation 2012 - To provide support, education and promotion of worldwide crowdfunding for the benefit of all humanity.European Equity Crowdfunding Association (

21、EECA) 2014 Europe To represent and advocate the business of equity crowdfunding platforms in Europe and in particular to share knowledge and open technologies, to manage training and education, [and] to adopt a profess

22、ional code of ethics. National Crowdfunding Association (NLCFA) 2012 America Supporting, educating and protecting American crowdfunding market;American Crowd- funding Investment Association (ACFIA) 2012 America To enco

23、urage the responsible financing of small businesses through crowdfunding;Crowdfund Interme- diary Regulatory Advocates (CFIRA) 2012 AmericaTo work with the Securities The Crowdfunding Professional Association (CfPA) 2

24、012 America Working for the success of every fundraiser and their supporters, by providing education, resources and assistance to all stakeholders in the Crowdfunding community.UK Crowdfunding Association (UKCFA) 2012

25、UK Promoting crowdfunding as a valuable and viable way for UK businesses, projects or ventures to raise funds; being the voice of all crowdfunding businesses in the UK; and publishing a code of practice that UK crowd f

26、unding businesses would adopt.National Crowd-funding Association of Canada (NCFA) 2012 Canada To create a strong and vibrant crowdfunding industry and voice across Canada;German Crowd-funding Network 2011* Germany To

27、represent the interests of those individuals and businesses that deal with the issues of crowdfunding or offer such services; (* - founded as a crowdsourcing association)Financement Participatif France (FPF) 1901** Fra

28、nceCollective representation, promotion and defence of rights and interests of stakeholders in participatory finance (crowdfunding) - particularly with regulatory authorities - to advance financing projects by citizens

29、, particularly in France. (** - founded as a law association) Crowdfunding Institute of Australia (CFIA) 2014 Australia Lobbying for crowdfunding reforms, increasing public awareness, and creating a more cohesive indu

30、stry structureItalian Crowdfunding Network (ICN) 2013 Italy To allow proper development of crowdfunding in Italy, promoting the Culture of the phenomenon and the networking between professionals, and thus promoting th

31、e innovation, competitiveness and sustainability of the market.Prepared by the authorsIn Australia, the specific regulations for equity crowdfunding are not yet in effect (though equity crowdfunding for accredited inves