【astm標準】e 140 - 12be1

1、Designation: E140 ? 12b´1Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb

2、Hardness1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number

3、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. De

4、partment of Defense.ε1 NOTE—Eq A10.1 and Eq A10.2 were editorially corrected in August 2013.1. Scope*1.1 Conversion Table 1 presents data in the Rockwell C hardness range on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vicke

5、rs hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, Knoop hardness, and Scleroscope hardness of non- austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenc

6、hed and tempered conditions provided that they are homogeneous.1.2 Conversion Table 2 presents data in the Rockwell B hardness range on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwe

7、ll superficial hardness, Knoop hardness, and Scleroscope hardness of non- austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenched and tempered conditions provided t

8、hat they are homogeneous.1.3 Conversion Table 3 presents data on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, and Knoop hardness of nickel and high-nickel a

9、lloys (nickel content over 50 %). These hardness conversion relationships are intended to apply par- ticularly to the following: nickel-aluminum-silicon specimens finished to commercial mill standards for hardness testin

10、g, covering the entire range of these alloys from their annealed to their heavily cold-worked or age-hardened conditions, includ- ing their intermediate conditions.1.4 Conversion Table 4 presents data on the relationship

11、 among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, and Rockwell superficial hardness of cartridge brass.1.5 Conversion Table 5 presents data on the relationship between Brinell hardness and Rockwell B hardness

12、 of auste- nitic stainless steel plate in the annealed condition.1.6 Conversion Table 6 presents data on the relationship between Rockwell hardness and Rockwell superficial hardness of austenitic stainless steel sheet.1.

13、7 Conversion Table 7 presents data on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, and Knoop hardness of copper.1.8 Conversion Table 8 presents data on the

14、relationship among Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, and Vickers hardness of alloyed white iron.1.9 Conversion Table 9 presents data on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, and

15、 Rockwell superficial hardness of wrought aluminum prod- ucts.1.10 Conversion Table 10 presents data in the Rockwell C hardness range on the relationship among Leeb (Type D) hardness, Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness,

16、and Rockwell hardness of non-austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenched and tempered conditions provided that they are homogeneous.1.11 Many of the con

17、version values presented herein were obtained from computer-generated curves of actual test data. Most Rockwell hardness numbers are presented to the nearest 0.1 or 0.5 hardness number to permit accurate reproduction of

18、these curves.1.12 Annex A1 – Annex A10 contain equations to convert from one hardness scale to another. The equations given in Annex A1 – Annex A9 were developed from the data in Tables 1 to 9, respectively. The equation

19、s given in Annex A10 were developed at the time the Leeb hardness test was invented (see Appendix X2). The data in Table 10 was calculated from the Annex A10 equations.1.13 Conversion of hardness values should be used on

20、ly when it is impossible to test the material under the conditions specified, and when conversion is made it should be done with discretion and under controlled conditions. Each type of1 These conversion tables are under

21、 the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.06 on Indentation Hardness Testing. Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published May 2013. Originall

22、y approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E140 – 12a. DOI: 10.1520/E0140-12B.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive

23、, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1in accordance with Practice E29 and should have no more significant digits than is given for the data in the applicable table.8. Keywords8.1 conversion; hard

24、ness scale; metallicTABLE 1 Approximate Hardness Conversion Numbers for Non-Austenitic Steels (Rockwell C Hardness Range)A, BRock- well C Hardness Number 150 kgf (HRC)Vickers Hardness Number (HV)Brinell Hardness NumberC

25、Knoop Hardness, Number 500-gf and Over (HK)Rockwell Hardness Number Rockwell Superficial Hardness Number Sclero- scope Hard- ness NumberDRock- well C Hardness Number 150 kgf (HRC)10-mm Standard Ball, 3000-kgf (HBS)10-mm

26、Carbide Ball, 3000-kgf (HBW)A Scale, 60-kgf (HRA)D Scale, 100-kgf (HRD)15-N Scale, 15-kgf (HR 15-N)30-N Scale, 30-kgf (HR 30-N)45-N Scale, 45-kgf (HR 45-N)68 940 ... ... 920 85.6 76.9 93.2 84.4 75.4 97.3 68 67 900 ... ..

27、. 895 85.0 76.1 92.9 83.6 74.2 95.0 67 66 865 ... ... 870 84.5 75.4 92.5 82.8 73.3 92.7 66 65 832 ... (739) 846 83.9 74.5 92.2 81.9 72.0 90.6 65 64 800 ... (722) 822 83.4 73.8 91.8 81.1 71.0 88.5 64 63 772 ... (705) 799

28、82.8 73.0 91.4 80.1 69.9 86.5 63 62 746 ... (688) 776 82.3 72.2 91.1 79.3 68.8 84.5 62 61 720 ... (670) 754 81.8 71.5 90.7 78.4 67.7 82.6 61 60 697 ... (654) 732 81.2 70.7 90.2 77.5 66.6 80.8 60 59 674 ... 634 710 80.7 6

29、9.9 89.8 76.6 65.5 79.0 59 58 653 ... 615 690 80.1 69.2 89.3 75.7 64.3 77.3 58 57 633 ... 595 670 79.6 68.5 88.9 74.8 63.2 75.6 57 56 613 ... 577 650 79.0 67.7 88.3 73.9 62.0 74.0 56 55 595 ... 560 630 78.5 66.9 87.9 73.

30、0 60.9 72.4 55 54 577 ... 543 612 78.0 66.1 87.4 72.0 59.8 70.9 54 53 560 ... 525 594 77.4 65.4 86.9 71.2 58.6 69.4 53 52 544 (500) 512 576 76.8 64.6 86.4 70.2 57.4 67.9 52 51 528 (487) 496 558 76.3 63.8 85.9 69.4 56.1 6

31、6.5 51 50 513 (475) 481 542 75.9 63.1 85.5 68.5 55.0 65.1 50 49 498 (464) 469 526 75.2 62.1 85.0 67.6 53.8 63.7 49 48 484 451 455 510 74.7 61.4 84.5 66.7 52.5 62.4 48 47 471 442 443 495 74.1 60.8 83.9 65.8 51.4 61.1 47 4

32、6 458 432 432 480 73.6 60.0 83.5 64.8 50.3 59.8 46 45 446 421 421 466 73.1 59.2 83.0 64.0 49.0 58.5 45 44 434 409 409 452 72.5 58.5 82.5 63.1 47.8 57.3 44 43 423 400 400 438 72.0 57.7 82.0 62.2 46.7 56.1 43 42 412 390 39

33、0 426 71.5 56.9 81.5 61.3 45.5 54.9 42 41 402 381 381 414 70.9 56.2 80.9 60.4 44.3 53.7 41 40 392 371 371 402 70.4 55.4 80.4 59.5 43.1 52.6 40 39 382 362 362 391 69.9 54.6 79.9 58.6 41.9 51.5 39 38 372 353 353 380 69.4 5

34、3.8 79.4 57.7 40.8 50.4 38 37 363 344 344 370 68.9 53.1 78.8 56.8 39.6 49.3 37 36 354 336 336 360 68.4 52.3 78.3 55.9 38.4 48.2 36 35 345 327 327 351 67.9 51.5 77.7 55.0 37.2 47.1 35 34 336 319 319 342 67.4 50.8 77.2 54.

35、2 36.1 46.1 34 33 327 311 311 334 66.8 50.0 76.6 53.3 34.9 45.1 33 32 318 301 301 326 66.3 49.2 76.1 52.1 33.7 44.1 32 31 310 294 294 318 65.8 48.4 75.6 51.3 32.5 43.1 31 30 302 286 286 311 65.3 47.7 75.0 50.4 31.3 42.2

36、30 29 294 279 279 304 64.8 47.0 74.5 49.5 30.1 41.3 29 28 286 271 271 297 64.3 46.1 73.9 48.6 28.9 40.4 28 27 279 264 264 290 63.8 45.2 73.3 47.7 27.8 39.5 27 26 272 258 258 284 63.3 44.6 72.8 46.8 26.7 38.7 26 25 266 25

37、3 253 278 62.8 43.8 72.2 45.9 25.5 37.8 25 24 260 247 247 272 62.4 43.1 71.6 45.0 24.3 37.0 24 23 254 243 243 266 62.0 42.1 71.0 44.0 23.1 36.3 23 22 248 237 237 261 61.5 41.6 70.5 43.2 22.0 35.5 22 21 243 231 231 256 61

38、.0 40.9 69.9 42.3 20.7 34.8 21 20 238 226 226 251 60.5 40.1 69.4 41.5 19.6 34.2 20A In the table headings, force refers to total test forces. B Annex A1 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to

39、Rockwell C hardness numbers for non-austenitic steels. Refer to 1.12 before using conversion equations. C The Brinell hardness numbers in parentheses are outside the range recommended for Brinell hardness testing in 8.1

40、of Test Method E10. D These Scleroscope hardness conversions are based on Vickers—Scleroscope hardness relationships developed from Vickers hardness data provided by the National Bureau of Standards for 13 steel referenc

41、e blocks, Scleroscope hardness values obtained on these blocks by the Shore Instrument and Mfg. Co., Inc., the Roll Manufacturers Institute, and members of this institute, and also on hardness conversions previously publ