《建筑工程概預(yù)算與造價(jià)控制》試題庫(kù)

1、Manipulatisnowusedasaindustrialrobotsinusethecontrolobjectivesoftenappearofteninindustrialautomation.Industrialautomationtechnologyhasgraduallymaturedasmatureatechnologylinehasbeenrapiddevelopmentinindustrialautomationas

2、aseparatesubject.Manipulatapplicationbegantofilterintoweldinglogisticsmechanicalprocessingotherindustries.Especiallyathighverylowtemperaturesfullofpoisonousgaseshighradiationcaserobotinsimilarcircumstancesshowedgreatusea

3、lsobringsgreatconveniencetothestaff.Preciselybecauseofthisrobottogetpeoplesattentionbegantobeahighdegreeofdevelopment.Labrateswkingconditionslabintensiveaspectsofpromotingdevelopment.BothathomeabroadtodevelopthePLC(progr

4、ammablelogiccontroller)isinvariousspecialcircumstancesunderspecialconditionssetfmechanicaldevices.NowturnedonthedevelopmentofthemicroelectronicsautomaticcontroltechnologytherapiddevelopmentofthetrainsthesuccessofPLChardw

5、aresoftwaresimulationcontrolwinbigsuccessfuldevelopmentnowcontinuestodevelopasafactyautomationstards.Becauserobotsaregooddevelopmentofthetechnologymakesagoodoptimizationofproductivecapitalrobotshowsthisuniqueadvantagessu

6、chas:hasgoodcompatibilitywideavailabilityhardwareiscompleteprogrammingthatcanbemasteredinashttimesointhecontextofindustrialPLCapplicationsbecameubiquitous.Manipulatinmanydevelopedcountryagricultureindustryhasbeenapplieds

7、uchastheuseofmechanicalharvestinglargeareasoffarmlrepeatedoperationsonthehighspeedlinethatusesaroboticarmsoon.Todaythehighlevelofautomationcombinedwithrestrictionsonthemanipulatdevelopmentlevelisslightlylowerthantheinter

8、national.ThedesignismainlyarmweldingmachinebyPLCAutomationcontrol.Thisofdesignletdesignersoninschoolbylearnofhasamustofconsolidationundersthassomeusuallydidntopptunitiesawarenessinwldrangewithinsomeleadinglevelofknowledg

9、ehashasmustawarenesshopedesignerscaninyihouofdesigninthecansuccessofusinginthisdesignintheproceedsofexperience1.2manipulatinbothathomeabroadofresearchprofileautomationmechanicalarmresearchbeganYu20thcenturymediumtermafte

10、ryearswithwithcomputerautomationtechnologyofdevelopmentMakesmechanicalarmontheGrstageofindustrialautomationshinegraduallybecameanindustrialevaluationstardsitsimptancecanbeseen.Nowiginalroboticarmspentmostofmassproduction

11、useontheproductionlinewhichisprogrammedroboticarm.Asthefirstgenerationofmanipulatpositioncontrolsystemsmainfeaturesalthoughnotbackseveralgenerationsthatcandetecttheexternalenvironmentbutcanstillsuccessfullycompletelikewe

12、ldingpaintingdeliveryaswellasfmaterialssimplemovements.Secondgenerationmechanicalarmsareequippedwithsenssmanipulatshavetheenvironmentthereisacertainamountof“sense“whenthemechanicalarmistousetheprogramasabasis.Differencei

13、sthattherobotbegmanipulatcontrolmodeprogrammablecontrollersintroduction2.1discussionwithmanipulatcontrol2.1.1classificationofcontrolrelaysdiscreteelectroniccircuitcancontrololdindustrialequipmentbutalsomecommon.Mainlythe

14、setworelativelycheapyoucanmeettheoldfashionedsimple(simple)industrialequipment.Sohecanseethemnowhoweverthesetwocontrolmodes(relaydiscreteelectroniccircuits)arethesefatalflaws:(1)cannotadapttothecomplexlogiccontrol(2)only

15、fthecurrentprojectthelackofcompatibility(3)notrefmingthesystemwithequipmentimprovements.SpringfthedevelopmentofChinasmodernindustrialautomationtechnologythesubstantialincreaseinthelevelofindustrialautomationcompletedthep

16、erfectrelayofthecomputertoomuch.Intermsofcontrollingthecomputershowedhistwogreatadvantages:(1)eachofthehardwarecanbeinstalledononememicroprocesss(2)theofficialdesignerofthesoftwarewritingcontentcontrolisallabout.Nowinsev

17、eralwaysinthecontextofindustrialautomationcanoftenbeseeninthreeways:(1)ProgrammableLogicalController(referredtoasIPC)(2)DistributedControlSystem(DCSfsht)(3)theProgrammableLogicalController(PLCfsht).2.1.2PLCtheIPCDCScontr

18、astcontrast1eachofthethreetechnologiesofiginsdevelopmentrequirementsffastdataprocessingmakesitinventedthecomputer.Themenbroughtintermsofhardwarethereusingahighlevelofstardizationcanusemecompatibilitytoolsisarichsoftwarer

19、esourcesespeciallytheneedfimmediacyinoperationalsystems.Sothecomputercaneffectivelycontrolisusedtocontrolmeetitsspeedonthevirtualmodelrealtimeincomputationalrequirements.Distributedsystemstartedwithacontrolsystemfindustr

20、ialautomaticinstrumentusedtocontrolwhereasnowitissuccessfullydevelopedintoindustrialcontrolcomputerusedasacentralcollectiondistributionsystemtransitionofdistributedcontrolsysteminanaloguehlingloopcontrolhasbeguntoreflect

21、theuseofahugeadvantage.Thoughdistributedsystemhasgreatadvantagesinloopregulationbutonlyasameansofcontinuousprocesscontrol.OptimizationofPLCisthecrespondingrelayneedswasbnitsmainuseinthewkdercontrolearlyprimaryisreplacedr

22、elaythishulkingsystemfocusedontheswitchcontrollingtherunningderoffunctions.Markedbythemicroprocessintheearly1970ofthe20thcenturyemergedmicroelectronicstechnologyhasdevelopedrapidlypeoplesoonmicroelectronicsprocessingtech

23、nologywillbeusedintheProgrammableLogicalController(thatis《建筑工程概預(yù)算與造價(jià)控制建筑工程概預(yù)算與造價(jià)控制》試題庫(kù)試題庫(kù)（一）（一）一判斷題判斷題(正確的在題后括號(hào)內(nèi)打“√”，錯(cuò)的打“”，每題1分，共10分。)1.直接工程費(fèi)由人工費(fèi)、材料費(fèi)、施工機(jī)械使用費(fèi)三部分組成。()2.工人工作時(shí)為恢復(fù)體力稍作休息的時(shí)間為非定額時(shí)間。()3.供求因果增加費(fèi)屬于施工附加費(fèi)。()4.鉆孔灌注樁鋼

24、筋籠工程量按施工凈用量計(jì)算，并考慮鋼筋的損耗率。()5.現(xiàn)澆砼平板是指不帶梁直接用柱支承的板。()6.甲類工程是固定資產(chǎn)方向調(diào)節(jié)稅稅率為0%的投資項(xiàng)。()7.報(bào)價(jià)最低的標(biāo)底其評(píng)定價(jià)格也最低。()8.天棚面層在同一標(biāo)高或不在同一標(biāo)高，均為一級(jí)天棚。（)9.大紅、天藍(lán)、白色、淺湖等顏色在套用油漆定額時(shí)，套淺色定額。()10.鋁合金門窗工程量按框外圍面積計(jì)算，無框門按扇外圍面積計(jì)算。()二填空題填空題(每空1分，共10分)1.施工定額是由__

25、_______定額_________定額和_________定額三部分組成。2.勞動(dòng)定額根據(jù)表達(dá)方式分為____________和____________兩種。3.樓梯工程量以_____________計(jì)算與樓層相連時(shí)算至_______________。4.在建設(shè)領(lǐng)域的“三超“是指_________________和_________。5.招標(biāo)方式一般有________________、_______________和_________

26、_____三種。6.鑲板門的門板刨光損耗:兩面加_____________毫米板枋材兩面加____________。7.有電動(dòng)裝置的卷閘門高度按洞口高加________________厘米。8.附墻煙囪、垃圾道建筑面積系數(shù)_____________；凹陽(yáng)臺(tái)按投影面積乘系數(shù)__________。10.圖書館的書庫(kù)有書架層的按______________計(jì)算建筑面積無書架層的按______________計(jì)算建筑面積。三單項(xiàng)選擇題單項(xiàng)選擇題

27、(每題2分，共10分)1.平整場(chǎng)地指原地面與設(shè)計(jì)室外地坪標(biāo)高相差()厘米以內(nèi)的原土找平。A.35B.30C.25D.202.外墻工程量應(yīng)按()計(jì)算。A.外邊線B.中心線C.內(nèi)邊線D.凈長(zhǎng)線3.有梁板的梁成井字形，井字面積在5m2以內(nèi)套用()定額。A.肋形板B.有梁板C.平板D.井字板4.裝飾工程的滿堂腳手架工程量計(jì)算中，高度每超過基本高度()m按增加一層計(jì)。A.1.0B.1.1C.1.2D.3.65.鋪花崗巖板面層工程量按()計(jì)算。A.

28、主墻間凈面積B.墻中線面積C.墻外圍面積D.墻凈面積下料系數(shù)五計(jì)算題(共20分)1某市一建筑工程每層建筑面積為500平米，共七層底層層高6.3米，其他層均為3.6米，室內(nèi)外高差600mm，基礎(chǔ)深4米，施工采用塔吊。求：(1)綜合腳手費(fèi)(2)建筑超高費(fèi)(3)塔吊垂直運(yùn)輸增加費(fèi)(4)基礎(chǔ)砼運(yùn)輸腳手費(fèi)Manipulatisnowusedasaindustrialrobotsinusethecontrolobjectivesoftenappea

29、rofteninindustrialautomation.Industrialautomationtechnologyhasgraduallymaturedasmatureatechnologylinehasbeenrapiddevelopmentinindustrialautomationasaseparatesubject.Manipulatapplicationbegantofilterintoweldinglogisticsme

30、chanicalprocessingotherindustries.Especiallyathighverylowtemperaturesfullofpoisonousgaseshighradiationcaserobotinsimilarcircumstancesshowedgreatusealsobringsgreatconveniencetothestaff.Preciselybecauseofthisrobottogetpeop

31、lesattentionbegantobeahighdegreeofdevelopment.Labrateswkingconditionslabintensiveaspectsofpromotingdevelopment.BothathomeabroadtodevelopthePLC(programmablelogiccontroller)isinvariousspecialcircumstancesunderspecialcondit

32、ionssetfmechanicaldevices.NowturnedonthedevelopmentofthemicroelectronicsautomaticcontroltechnologytherapiddevelopmentofthetrainsthesuccessofPLChardwaresoftwaresimulationcontrolwinbigsuccessfuldevelopmentnowcontinuestodev

33、elopasafactyautomationstards.Becauserobotsaregooddevelopmentofthetechnologymakesagoodoptimizationofproductivecapitalrobotshowsthisuniqueadvantagessuchas:hasgoodcompatibilitywideavailabilityhardwareiscompleteprogrammingth

34、atcanbemasteredinashttimesointhecontextofindustrialPLCapplicationsbecameubiquitous.Manipulatinmanydevelopedcountryagricultureindustryhasbeenappliedsuchastheuseofmechanicalharvestinglargeareasoffarmlrepeatedoperationsonth

35、ehighspeedlinethatusesaroboticarmsoon.Todaythehighlevelofautomationcombinedwithrestrictionsonthemanipulatdevelopmentlevelisslightlylowerthantheinternational.ThedesignismainlyarmweldingmachinebyPLCAutomationcontrol.Thisof

36、designletdesignersoninschoolbylearnofhasamustofconsolidationundersthassomeusuallydidntopptunitiesawarenessinwldrangewithinsomeleadinglevelofknowledgehashasmustawarenesshopedesignerscaninyihouofdesigninthecansuccessofusin

37、ginthisdesignintheproceedsofexperience1.2manipulatinbothathomeabroadofresearchprofileautomationmechanicalarmresearchbeganYu20thcenturymediumtermafteryearswithwithcomputerautomationtechnologyofdevelopmentMakesmechanicalar

38、montheGrstageofindustrialautomationshinegraduallybecameanindustrialevaluationstardsitsimptancecanbeseen.Nowiginalroboticarmspentmostofmassproductionuseontheproductionlinewhichisprogrammedroboticarm.Asthefirstgenerationof

39、manipulatpositioncontrolsystemsmainfeaturesalthoughnotbackseveralgenerationsthatcandetecttheexternalenvironmentbutcanstillsuccessfullycompletelikeweldingpaintingdeliveryaswellasfmaterialssimplemovements.Secondgenerationm

40、echanicalarmsareequippedwithsenssmanipulatshavetheenvironmentthereisacertainamountof“sense“whenthemechanicalarmistousetheprogramasabasis.Differenceisthattherobotbegmanipulatcontrolmodeprogrammablecontrollersintroduction2

41、.1discussionwithmanipulatcontrol2.1.1classificationofcontrolrelaysdiscreteelectroniccircuitcancontrololdindustrialequipmentbutalsomecommon.Mainlythesetworelativelycheapyoucanmeettheoldfashionedsimple(simple)industrialequ

42、ipment.Sohecanseethemnowhoweverthesetwocontrolmodes(relaydiscreteelectroniccircuits)arethesefatalflaws:(1)cannotadapttothecomplexlogiccontrol(2)onlyfthecurrentprojectthelackofcompatibility(3)notrefmingthesystemwithequipm

43、entimprovements.SpringfthedevelopmentofChinasmodernindustrialautomationtechnologythesubstantialincreaseinthelevelofindustrialautomationcompletedtheperfectrelayofthecomputertoomuch.Intermsofcontrollingthecomputershowedhis

44、twogreatadvantages:(1)eachofthehardwarecanbeinstalledononememicroprocesss(2)theofficialdesignerofthesoftwarewritingcontentcontrolisallabout.Nowinseveralwaysinthecontextofindustrialautomationcanoftenbeseeninthreeways:(1)P

45、rogrammableLogicalController(referredtoasIPC)(2)DistributedControlSystem(DCSfsht)(3)theProgrammableLogicalController(PLCfsht).2.1.2PLCtheIPCDCScontrastcontrast1eachofthethreetechnologiesofiginsdevelopmentrequirementsffas

46、tdataprocessingmakesitinventedthecomputer.Themenbroughtintermsofhardwarethereusingahighlevelofstardizationcanusemecompatibilitytoolsisarichsoftwareresourcesespeciallytheneedfimmediacyinoperationalsystems.Sothecomputercan

47、effectivelycontrolisusedtocontrolmeetitsspeedonthevirtualmodelrealtimeincomputationalrequirements.Distributedsystemstartedwithacontrolsystemfindustrialautomaticinstrumentusedtocontrolwhereasnowitissuccessfullydevelopedin

48、toindustrialcontrolcomputerusedasacentralcollectiondistributionsystemtransitionofdistributedcontrolsysteminanaloguehlingloopcontrolhasbeguntoreflecttheuseofahugeadvantage.Thoughdistributedsystemhasgreatadvantagesinloopre

49、gulationbutonlyasameansofcontinuousprocesscontrol.OptimizationofPLCisthecrespondingrelayneedswasbnitsmainuseinthewkdercontrolearlyprimaryisreplacedrelaythishulkingsystemfocusedontheswitchcontrollingtherunningderoffunctio

50、ns.Markedbythemicroprocessintheearly1970ofthe20thcenturyemergedmicroelectronicstechnologyhasdevelopedrapidlypeoplesoonmicroelectronicsprocessingtechnologywillbeusedintheProgrammableLogicalController(thatis6、預(yù)算定額的計(jì)量單位一般根據(jù)

51、或的特征及變化規(guī)律來確定。7、建筑工程概算指標(biāo)是一種用或或?yàn)橛?jì)量單位，以整個(gè)建筑物為依據(jù)編制的定額。8、是反映一定時(shí)期由于價(jià)格變化對(duì)工程造價(jià)影響程度的一種指標(biāo)。9、基本建設(shè)是人們將一定的物質(zhì)財(cái)富及資源轉(zhuǎn)化為所進(jìn)行的建設(shè)工作。10、平屋面無天棚的內(nèi)墻高度為自設(shè)計(jì)室內(nèi)地坪至或，并扣除板厚。11、鋼筋砼基礎(chǔ)深度超過米時(shí)，應(yīng)計(jì)算運(yùn)輸腳手架，按滿堂腳手架基本層定額乘計(jì)算。12、設(shè)計(jì)概算是根據(jù)和、概算定額、費(fèi)用定額指標(biāo)等資料，計(jì)算建設(shè)工程全部費(fèi)用。

52、13、腳手架工程無法按進(jìn)行“兩算”對(duì)比，只能用進(jìn)行對(duì)比。14、建筑領(lǐng)域的“三亂”是指、、。三、單項(xiàng)選擇題三、單項(xiàng)選擇題（在每小題的四個(gè)備選答案中，選出一個(gè)正確答案，并將正確答案的號(hào)碼填在題中的括號(hào)內(nèi)。每小題1分，共12分）1、（）的定義為：在合理的勞動(dòng)組織和合理使用材料和機(jī)械的條件下，完成單位合格產(chǎn)品所消耗的資源數(shù)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A、定額B、定額水平C、勞動(dòng)定額D、材料定額2、工人工作時(shí)間分析中，非定額時(shí)間的內(nèi)容不包括（）。A、多余或偶然工作時(shí)

53、間B、休息時(shí)間C、停工時(shí)間D、違反勞動(dòng)紀(jì)律的時(shí)間3、當(dāng)時(shí)間定額減少15%時(shí)，產(chǎn)量定額增加幅度為（）。A、13.04B、11.11C、17.65D、9.104、材料消耗定額中用以表示周轉(zhuǎn)材料的消耗量是指該周轉(zhuǎn)材料的（）。A、一次使用量B、回收量C、周轉(zhuǎn)使用量D、攤銷量5、C&F表示的是進(jìn)口設(shè)備的（）。A、離岸價(jià)B、目的港船邊交貨價(jià)C、離岸運(yùn)輸價(jià)D、到岸價(jià)6、下列哪項(xiàng)不屬于索賠費(fèi)用項(xiàng)目（）。A、分包費(fèi)B、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)C、保證金D、稅金7、由建設(shè)單

54、位供應(yīng)的材料，施工單位按采購(gòu)保管費(fèi)的（）收取保管費(fèi)。A、30%B、50%C、70%D、90%8、底層框架填充墻高度為（）。A、自室內(nèi)地坪至框架梁頂B、自室內(nèi)地坪至框架梁底C、自室內(nèi)地坪算至上層屋面板或樓板項(xiàng)面，扣板厚D、自室內(nèi)地坪至上層屋面板成樓板底面加10cm9、平整場(chǎng)地是指原地面與設(shè)計(jì)室外地坪標(biāo)高平均相差（）厘米以內(nèi)的原上找平。A、30B、35C、10D、2010、30元寶鋼筋長(zhǎng)度計(jì)算，其斜邊增加值按梁高（板厚）乘系數(shù)（）。A、0.