文獻(xiàn)翻譯——光電傳感器

1、<p><b>　　外文文獻(xiàn)資料</b></p><p>　　Photoelectric Sensor</p><p>　　As the manufacturing world becomes more and more automated, industrial sensors have become the key to increasing both

2、productivity and safety. </p><p>　　Industrial sensors are the eyes and ears of the new factory floor, and they come in all sizes, shapes, and technologies. The most common technologies are inductive, capacit

3、ive, photoelectric, magnetic, and ultrasonic. Each technology has unique strengths and weaknesses, so the requirements of the application itself will determine what technology should be used. This article is focused on p

4、hotoelectric sensors and defines what they are, their advantages and some basic modes of operation.</p><p>　　Photoelectric sensors are readily present in everyday life. They help safely control the opening a

5、nd closing of garage doors, turn on sink faucets with the wave of a hand, control elevators, open the doors at the grocery store, detect the winning car at racing events, and so much more.</p><p>　　A photoel

6、ectric sensor is a device that detects a change in light intensity. Typically, this means either non-detection or detection of the sensor’s emitted light source. The type of light and method by which the target is detect

7、ed varies depending on the sensor.</p><p>　　Photoelectric sensors are made up of a light source (LED), a receiver (phototransistor), a signal converter, and an amplifier. The phototransistor analyzes incomin

8、g light, verifies that it is from the LED, and appropriately triggers an output.</p><p>　　圖11: Photoelectric Sensor</p><p>　　Photoelectric sensors offer many advantages when compared to other t

9、echnologies. Sensing ranges for photoelectric sensors far surpass the inductive, capacitive, magnetic, and ultrasonic technologies. Their small size versus sensing range and a unique variety of housings makes them a perf

10、ect fit for almost any application. Finally, with continual advances in technology, photoelectric sensors are price competitive with other sensing technologies.</p><p>　　Sensing Modes</p><p>　　P

11、hotoelectric sensors provide three primary methods of target detection: diffused, retro-reflective and thru-beam, with variations of each.</p><p>　　Diffused Mode</p><p>　　In diffused mode sensin

12、g, sometimes called proximity mode, the transmitter and receiver are in the same housing. Light from the transmitter strikes the target, which reflects light at arbitrary angles. Some of the reflected light returns to th

13、e receiver, and the target is detected. Because much of the transmitted energy is lost due to the targets angle and ability to reflect light, diffused mode results in shorter sensing ranges than is attainable with retro-

14、reflective and thru-beam modes. </p><p>　　The advantage is that a secondary device, such as a reflector or a separate receiver, is not required. Factors affecting diffused mode sensing range include the targ

15、et’s color, size, and finish because these directly affect its reflectivity and therefore its ability to reflect light back to the sensor’s receiver.</p><p>　　Diffused Convergent Beam Mode</p><p&g

16、t;　　Convergent beam mode is a more efficient method of diffused mode sensing. In convergent beam mode, the transmitter lens is focused to an exact point in front of the sensor, and the receiver lens is focused to the sam

17、e point. The sensing range is fixed and defined as the focus point. The sensor is then able to detect an object at this focal point, plus or minus some distance, known as the “sensing window”. Objects in front of or behi

18、nd this sensing window are ignored. The sensing window is depend</p><p>　　圖3-1 Convergent beam mode</p><p>　　Diffused Mode with Background Suppression</p><p>　　Diffused mode sensing

19、 with background suppression detects targets only up to a certain “cut-off” distance, but ignores objects beyond the distance. This mode also minimizes sensitivity to a target’s color among the diffused mode variations.

20、One main advantage of diffused mode with background suppression is the ability to ignore a background object that may be incorrectly identified as a target by a standard diffused mode photoelectric sensor.</p><

21、;p><b>　　中文翻譯稿</b></p><p><b>　　光電傳感器</b></p><p>　　隨著制造世界變得越來越自動(dòng)化，工業(yè)傳感器已成為關(guān)鍵，他們對工業(yè)生產(chǎn)既提高生產(chǎn)力又提高了安全性。</p><p>　　工業(yè)用傳感器就像新工廠的眼睛和耳朵，他們有各種尺寸，形狀和技術(shù)。最常見的技術(shù)是電感性、電容、光電

22、、磁能和超聲波。每種技術(shù)都有其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足，因此程序本身的應(yīng)用需求將決定應(yīng)該使用哪種技術(shù)。本文的重點(diǎn)是光電傳感器，并定義它們，以及它們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和一些基本操作模式。</p><p>　　光電傳感器可隨時(shí)存在于日常生活中。它們有助于安全地控制車庫門的開啟和關(guān)閉，一揮手打開水槽龍頭，控制電梯，在雜貨店打開門，在賽車活動(dòng)中檢測獲勝的賽車，以及很多方面。</p><p>　　光電傳感器是檢測光強(qiáng)度

23、變化的裝置。通常這意味著要么檢測不到要么檢測到傳感器發(fā)射光的光源。這是隨著傳感器通過該目標(biāo)被檢測到的光與傳感器的使用方法的類型而變化的。</p><p>　　光電傳感器是由一個(gè)光源（LED）、接收器（光電晶體管）、信號轉(zhuǎn)換器和放大器組成。光電晶體管分析入射光，確認(rèn)它是從LED發(fā)出，并立即觸發(fā)一個(gè)輸出信號。</p><p>　　圖1-1光電傳感器結(jié)構(gòu)圖</p><p>

24、;　　相比其他技術(shù)，光電傳感器具有許多優(yōu)勢。光電傳感器的檢測范圍遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了電感式、電容式、磁、超聲波技術(shù)。其體積小、檢測范圍大和各種各樣的獨(dú)特的外殼等優(yōu)點(diǎn)使得他們非常適合幾乎任何應(yīng)用場合。最后，隨著科技的不斷進(jìn)步，光電傳感器的價(jià)格與其他傳感技術(shù)有了競爭力。</p><p><b>　　感應(yīng)模式</b></p><p>　　光電傳感器提供目標(biāo)探測的三種主要方法：擴(kuò)散模式

25、，反光模式和直通波束模式，每種方式都是不同的。</p><p><b>　　擴(kuò)散模式</b></p><p>　　在擴(kuò)散模式下感測，有時(shí)也被稱為接近感測，發(fā)射器和接收器是在同一機(jī)殼內(nèi)。從發(fā)射器的光線入射在所述目標(biāo)，該反射光射向任意的角度。其中一些反射光被接收器接收到，然后目標(biāo)被檢測到。因?yàn)榇蟛糠值膫鬏斈芰康膩G失，目標(biāo)的反射光的角度和能力不同，散射模式的結(jié)果在較短的檢測

26、范圍是可以與逆向反光和直通光束模式相比的。</p><p>　　它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是具有輔助設(shè)備，就像有些不需要反射器或單獨(dú)的接收器。影響擴(kuò)散方式檢測距離的因素包括目標(biāo)的顏色、大小和反光面，因?yàn)檫@些直接影響其反射率，所以會影響光反射回傳感器的接收能力。</p><p><b>　　擴(kuò)散會聚束模式</b></p><p>　　會聚光束模式為擴(kuò)散模式感測的更

27、有效的方法之一。在會聚光束模式下，發(fā)射器透鏡被聚焦在傳感器前面的精確點(diǎn)和接收器透鏡聚焦到同一點(diǎn)。該感應(yīng)范圍是固定的并被定義為聚焦點(diǎn)。這樣傳感器就能夠檢測一個(gè)物體是否在當(dāng)前焦點(diǎn)，加上或減去一定的距離，這被稱為“感應(yīng)窗口”。在本感應(yīng)窗前面或后面的物體將被忽略。這種感測窗依賴于目標(biāo)的反射率和自身靈敏度的調(diào)節(jié)。因?yàn)樗邪l(fā)射的能量都被聚焦到一個(gè)點(diǎn)，大多數(shù)過量增益是可用的，它使傳感器更容易地檢測狹窄或低反射率的目標(biāo)。</p><

28、p>　　圖3-1擴(kuò)散會聚束模式</p><p><b>　　帶背景抑制擴(kuò)散模式</b></p><p>　　擴(kuò)散方式檢測中帶背景抑制的檢測只對達(dá)到一定“截止”距離的目標(biāo)有效，忽略超出該距離的遠(yuǎn)處物體。這種模式也最大限度地減少了對目標(biāo)的顏色變化在擴(kuò)散模式中的敏感性。背景抑制擴(kuò)散模式的一個(gè)主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以通過一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的擴(kuò)散模式光電傳感器背景對象忽略可能被錯(cuò)誤地識別為目