what is a research proposal開題報(bào)告1

1、<p>　　What is a research proposal?</p><p>　　A research proposal is a sort of feasibility study report of your research work. It aims to inform your adviser and review committee of the purport of your re

2、search and the central idea of your paper, and to convince them that your are doing the right thing.</p><p>　　2 When to write a proposal</p><p>　　At this stage …</p><p>　　You have c

3、hosen a topic area or have a topic selected (at least in general)</p><p>　　You have surveyed some/the literature on the topic area</p><p>　　You think you know what to do (stages involved)</p&

4、gt;<p>　　You think you know how to do it (from research questions to research methods)</p><p>　　You now must convince your supervisor/tutor and the dissertation committee (1) that the research is of v

5、alue and importance and (2) that you are ready and able to do the proposed research</p><p>　　You do this with a dissertation/research proposal or dissertation/research prospectus</p><p>　　This i

6、s a stage that bridges the selection and approval of the topic and the writing of the research/dissertation. (upgrading, 進(jìn)入論文寫作階段)</p><p>　　3 Possible/general Components in a Proposal</p><p>　　3

7、.1 Introduction</p><p>　　Background information</p><p>　　Justification of the research(argument for the necessity and researchability of the topic)</p><p>　　Aim(s) and objectives (t

8、hesis statement)</p><p>　　Research questions (topics stated as questions, topics stated as hypotheses)</p><p>　　Theoretical framework</p><p>　　Data collection</p><p>　　

9、Research methods</p><p>　　Structure of the dissertation (how the dissertation is shaped or structured)</p><p>　　3.2 Literature review</p><p>　　General research situation in the topi

10、c area (Too few references will imply that the researcher has not done enough library research and does not have the necessary background information to undertake the proposed study)</p><p>　　Previous studie

11、s – important findings</p><p>　　Deficiencies in previous research</p><p>　　Proposing a new/different way of investigation</p><p>　　(Important: the ability to quote, paraphrase, summ

12、arize)</p><p>　　3.3 Theoretical framework</p><p>　　Introducing your theoretical framework</p><p>　　Focusing on relevant components of the framework</p><p>　　Quoting, su

13、mmarizing and paraphrasing existing ideas</p><p>　　Comparing your theoretical framework with other alternative frameworks if necessary</p><p>　　3.4 Methods</p><p>　　How the research

14、 is to be undertaken</p><p>　　What procedures to be followed</p><p>　　Conducting primary research (qualitative, survey, statistical)</p><p>　　Collecting data</p><p>　　O

15、bservation (direct observation, fieldwork)</p><p>　　Designing/Conducting interviews and/or questionnaires and/or experiments</p><p>　　How the data are to be analysed</p><p>　　3.5 Ma

16、terials/data</p><p>　　“Methods” and “materials/data” are related to each other</p><p>　　Resources (including people) you plan to use</p><p>　　Collecting data</p><p>　　N

17、ature of the data</p><p>　　Quantitative and/or qualitative</p><p>　　From a corpus/corpora</p><p>　　Strong points and weak points</p><p>　　Relationship between research

18、focus and data</p><p>　　3.6 Discussion</p><p>　　Relationship between research focus and data analysis</p><p>　　Anticipated relationship between results and previous research</p&g

19、t;<p>　　Possible limitations of the research</p><p>　　Possible difficulties/problems</p><p>　　Practical and/or theoretical applications/implications of the research</p><p>　　

20、3.7 Possible/expected/anticipated results/ conclusions</p><p>　　Anticipated results/conclusions</p><p>　　Possible results/conclusions</p><p>　　Expected results/conclusions</p&g

21、t;<p>　　Unlike a completed dissertation/research paper, and for obvious reasons, a research proposal rarely has a results/conclusions section.</p><p>　　3.8 Bibliography (cf. References) </p>&l

22、t;p>　　Bibliography vs References</p><p>　　References that have been used during your preliminary investigation</p><p>　　References that will probably be used/consulted during the course of th

23、e research</p><p>　　The working bibliography – the bibliography that you will be working with until your final draft has been submitted and accepted.</p><p>　　Style of listing a bibliography<

24、/p><p>　　Avoiding silly mistakes</p><p>　　Consistency in style (dissertation, thesis; colour, color; programme, program), font(字體型號(hào)), terms, names (M.A.K Halliday, Michael Halliday; R. Hasan < -

25、-- > Ruqaiya Hasan), spacing, etc.</p><p>　　List of figures, numbers, abbreviations, etc.</p><p>　　Sources of quotations, paraphrases, summaries</p><p>　　Style of references (R.

26、Hasan < --- > Ruqaiya Hasan; Arnold < --- > Edward Arnold)</p><p>　　Check the reference items in both the body and the references</p><p>　　Content pages and Chapter/section headings&