數(shù)控專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯--wincc在供熱站恒壓供水監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用

1、<p><b>　　外文原文</b></p><p>　　Wincc in heating supply stapply stations Constant Pressure Monitoring System Application onstant voltage supply basic working principle</p><p>　　Syste

2、m uses Automatic Frequency Control regulation or pump motor speed. Plus or minus pump.It is primarily by the Frequency Control System.PID regulator,pressure sensors,liquid level sensor power control circuits and other co

3、nponents.Host users control system or control board light over-the-counter transactions,buttons,switchto understand and control systen operation,Based on the PID control mode,the operator interface settings in water pres

4、sure,PLC to pressure settings and measured valucs for t</p><p>　　Systen hanlware configuration</p><p>　　The system uses Siernens S7-200 PLC and its configuration software constitute a constant W

5、inCC V6.0 Water pressure control system,water pressure monitoring process.Industroal Ethernct controller for PLC and the operator station computer communication betwween the Remote I/O network for the PLC and the operato

6、r station compuler communication betwween the Remote I/O network for the PLC controller and inverter,the soft starter of communication betwween equipment.PLC controller mainly used to monito</p><p>　　Softwar

7、e design of Systen</p><p>　　The control system software company Siemens PCS7V5.2 package,STEP7V5.2 PLC controller mainly used to monitor and control water and electricity systems.For 1#~4# pressurized pump c

8、onverter using the ABB ACS510-031A4 inveter,HMI operatorstation selection DELL computers.computer,Industrial Ethernet server card Siemens communications company Cp1612</p><p>　　Software design of System <

9、/p><p>　　The control system software company Siemens PCS7V5.2 package.STEPV5.2 PLC controller.HMImonitoring system used WinCCV6.0 version.HMI server and operating station are using the Windows2000 operating sys

10、tem to have an open programming environment.Heating Sation Wincc configuration control software maior constant pressure water system and coal Gallery in two parts.Implemention of the system of automatic detection and aut

11、omatic control.Detection constant pressure water and coal Gallcry equipment ope</p><p>　　PLC-Based Fuzzy Constant water suppl;y system design constant pressure water system components</p><p>　　.

12、From the water supply system programmable controller,inverter,pressure transmiter,and the constact group on the pump unit and other components.Programmable controller selection of AB ControlLogix system.It includes Logi

13、x5550 controller,analog input modules,digital input and output modules and communication modutes.Which analog input modute used to test the water pressure on the export signal,digital input module and valves Kai stopped.

14、Inverselection of AB 1336 Plus Inverter.Inverter and Devi2 </p><p>　　Constant Pressure Water Principle</p><p>　　The outlet channel of pressure sensor installation will export water pressure sign

15、als are converted to electrical signals, send PLC fuzzy inference operation, the output control signals to the converter, regulating the operation of pump motor speed, until the actual elimination of hydraulic pressure a

16、nd set the deviation, constant voltage supply. Programmable controller can control pumps Kai stopped. When the system started working, inverter control from start on 1st pump frequency operation. If</p><p>　

17、　Fuzzy2PI control algorithm</p><p>　　As the water supply system in many areas (such as the pipe network and pumps) nonlinear, time-varying, and the variables still exist between the cross-coupling, so it is

18、difficult to establish a precise mathematical system model. For such a complicated process that merely using the conventional PID control is difficult to achieve the desired control. Fuzzy control is not dependent on the

19、 mathematical model and the right parameters sensitive to the merits, Fuzzy used to control the water supply s</p><p>　　The system uses two-input single-output fuzzy controller. to pressure the desired value

20、 and the measurement of e error and the error as a fuzzy controller input linguistic variables, transducer frequency variation u language as output variables. To e error, the error rate ec and control volume u fuzzy subs

21、et of ( NB,NS,ZE,PS,PB) and they quantified the domain of seven grades, (-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3). Fuzzy subset of the membership function used triangle. Initial experience of fuzzy control rules, as </p><p>　　Wher

22、e x, U fuzzy relationship matrix on behalf of the “Cartesian” and the “and” operator. According minimax inference rules synthesis of output variables language domain of fuzzy sets U:</p><p>　　U Finally, the

23、weighted average method used for solutions vague and fuzzy volume U converted into precise amount u. The process is carried out offline, eventually Fuzzy Control Table, as shown in table 2. This form of the PLC memory st

24、orage, real-time control, fuzzy control would streamline the process for finding inquiries on the questionnaire process.</p><p>　　Parametric Selection of Frequency-water system</p><p>　　a reason

25、able selection pressure control parameters constant pressure to achieve energy-supply system. The realization of is this objective the key is pressure control parameter selection, usually pipe network pressure control po

26、int two choice: a pipe network is the most negative pressure on constant pressure control and the other is the constant pressure pump outlet.</p><p>　　pressure control. How will the two choices, we have to a

27、nalyze simple Network pressure on the most disadvantaged constant, the water pipe network by QMAX reduced to Q1, pumps reduce speed, and water characteristic curve of A (unchanged) at the intersection point C, pump chara

28、cteristic curve downward, network pressure on the most disadvantaged H0. And the pump outlet pressure constant pressure control, Ha unchanged, reduce water consumption by QMAX QI and Ha to pay to point B, water character

29、isti</p><p>　　the converter and put into operation after the commissioning of the system to ensure optimum operation of the state means necessary. According to the inverter load inertia size of the start and

30、 stop the motor when the time is not the same, Set time is too short to be accelerated when the inverter overcurrent, overvoltage decelerating protection; Set time will lead to excessive speed converter running in the sy

31、stem become regulate slow, delayed response, contingency ability is poor. Yi system at </p><p><b>　　外文翻譯</b></p><p>　　Wincc在供熱站恒壓供水監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用</p><p>　　恒壓供水基本工作原理</p>

32、<p>　　系統(tǒng)采用變頻調(diào)速方式自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)誰(shuí)笨點(diǎn)擊轉(zhuǎn)速或加、減泵。它主要是由變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)、PID。調(diào)節(jié)器、壓力傳感器、液位傳感器、動(dòng)力控制線路等組成，用戶通過上位監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)或控制柜面板上的指示燈、按鈕、轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)來了解和控制系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行。在基于PID的控制方式下，操作人員在操作界面設(shè)定供水壓力，PLC對(duì)壓力設(shè)定值和測(cè)量值的偏差進(jìn)行PID運(yùn)算，并通過變頻器調(diào)節(jié)配水泵系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)速，是供水壓力保持在設(shè)定值。</p><p

33、><b>　　2.系統(tǒng)的硬件配置</b></p><p>　　本系統(tǒng)采用西門子公司的S7-200系列PLC及其組態(tài)軟件Winccv6.0構(gòu)成恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)供水過程的壓力監(jiān)控，工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)用于PLC控制器和計(jì)算機(jī)操作站之間的通訊，遠(yuǎn)程I/O網(wǎng)用于PLC控制器與變頻器、軟啟動(dòng)器的設(shè)備之間的通訊，PLC控制權(quán)威主要用來檢測(cè)和控制供水系統(tǒng)和供電系統(tǒng)、用于1#~4#加壓泵的變頻器采用ABB

34、公司的ACS510-01-031A4變頻器，HMI操作站選用DELL計(jì)算機(jī)，工控機(jī)。服務(wù)器的工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)通訊網(wǎng)卡采用西門子公司的CP1612.</p><p><b>　　3.系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p>　　本控制系統(tǒng)軟件采用西門子公司的PCS7V5.2軟件包，PLC控制器采用STEP7V5.2，HMI監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)采用Winccv6.0版本，HMI服務(wù)器和操作站

35、都采用的是Windows2000操作系統(tǒng)具有開放的編程環(huán)境.</p><p>　　供熱站使用Wincc組態(tài)軟件主要監(jiān)控恒壓供水系統(tǒng)和輸煤廊兩部分。實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)檢測(cè)和自動(dòng)控制。檢測(cè)恒壓供水和輸煤廊運(yùn)行設(shè)備的各項(xiàng)參數(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)的采集、上傳、實(shí)時(shí)顯示和記錄?？刂茩C(jī)組運(yùn)行、故障的自動(dòng)停機(jī)和報(bào)警操作。在恒壓供水系統(tǒng)設(shè)定供水壓力參數(shù)，實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控調(diào)節(jié)加壓泵，使供水壓力保持定值。在輸煤廊中控制給煤量和給煤速度，檢測(cè)給煤質(zhì)量

36、（煤的粉碎成都和含雜質(zhì)量）。</p><p>　　基于PLC的模糊空盒子恒壓供水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)</p><p><b>　　恒壓供水系統(tǒng)組成</b></p><p>　　供水系統(tǒng)又可編程控制器、變頻器、壓力變送器、接觸器組和水泵機(jī)組等組成。可編程控制器選用AB公司的ControLogix系統(tǒng)，它包括Logix5550控制器、模擬量輸入模塊、數(shù)字量輸入

37、輸出模塊及通信模塊，其中模擬量輸入模塊用來檢測(cè)出水口壓力信號(hào)，數(shù)字量輸入模塊用來檢測(cè)各種開關(guān)量，數(shù)字量輸出模塊用來控制點(diǎn)擊和閥門的啟、停。變頻器選用AB公司的1336Plos變頻器，變頻器與控制器通過Devi2 ceNet網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行通信。</p><p><b>　　2恒壓供水原理</b></p><p>　　在出水管道上安裝壓力傳感器，將出口水壓力信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號(hào)，送

38、PLC進(jìn)行模糊推力運(yùn)算后，輸出控制信號(hào)到變頻器，調(diào)節(jié)水泵點(diǎn)擊的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)速度，知道消除實(shí)際誰(shuí)呀與設(shè)定水壓的偏差，實(shí)現(xiàn)恒壓供水，可編程控制器同時(shí)控制水泵的啟、停。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)開始工作時(shí)由變頻器控制啟動(dòng)1號(hào)泵變頻運(yùn)行。若用戶用水量增加變頻器的輸出頻率上升到50Hz水壓仍達(dá)不到設(shè)定值，則將2號(hào)泵切換為工頻運(yùn)行;變頻器再啟動(dòng)3號(hào)泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，知道輸出水壓達(dá)到設(shè)定值為止。繁殖托用戶用水量減少，則依照“先啟后?！痹瓌t一次將水泵切除</p><p&

39、gt;　　如此反復(fù)循環(huán)，實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的恒壓供水。</p><p>　　3Fuzzy2PI控制算法</p><p>　　由于供水系統(tǒng)的許多環(huán)節(jié)（如管網(wǎng)和水泵）存在非線性、時(shí)變性，且各個(gè)變量之間還存在交叉耦合，所以難以建立系統(tǒng)精確的數(shù)學(xué)模型，對(duì)于這樣一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過程，僅僅用傳統(tǒng)的PID控制很難達(dá)到理想的控制效果。模糊控制具有不依賴于數(shù)學(xué)模型和對(duì)參數(shù)變化不敏感的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，將模糊控制應(yīng)用于供水系統(tǒng)中，可以提

40、高控制系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性能，但是模糊控制系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)性能不佳，為此設(shè)計(jì)了一種Fuzzy2PI雙?？刂?，如圖2所示，其設(shè)計(jì)思想是：當(dāng)壓力誤差較大時(shí)采用Fuzzy控制，以獲得良好的瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)；當(dāng)壓力誤差較小進(jìn)入穩(wěn)態(tài)后，則由程序切換到PI控制，以獲得良好的穩(wěn)態(tài)精度，PI控制算法和模糊控制算法均有PLC實(shí)現(xiàn)切換時(shí)機(jī)計(jì)算機(jī)程序根據(jù)事先給定的誤差范圍自動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)。</p><p>　　本系統(tǒng)采用雙輸入單輸出模糊控制器，以水壓給定值和測(cè)量值

41、的誤差e及誤差變化率ec作為模糊控制器的輸入語(yǔ)言變量，一變頻器頻率變化量u作為輸出語(yǔ)言變量。選取誤差e、誤差率ec和控制量u的模糊自己為{NB,NS,ZE,PS,PB},并將它們的論域量化為7個(gè)等級(jí)，即{-3，-2，-1，0，1，2，3}，模糊子集的隸屬函數(shù)采用三角形，根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)出模糊控制規(guī)則，如表1所示。根據(jù)這些規(guī)則計(jì)算總的模糊關(guān)系R:</p><p>　　式中x、U代表模糊關(guān)系矩陣的“笛卡爾積”和“并”

42、運(yùn)算。再根據(jù)極大極小推力合成規(guī)則求出輸出語(yǔ)言變量論域上的模糊集合U：</p><p>　　最后對(duì)U采用加權(quán)平均法進(jìn)行解模糊，將模糊量U轉(zhuǎn)換成精確量u，上述過程是離線進(jìn)行的，最終得到模糊控制查詢表，如圖2所示。將此表存放在PLC內(nèi)存中，實(shí)時(shí)控制實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊控制的過程便簡(jiǎn)化為查找查詢表的過程。</p><p><b>　　程序設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p&g

43、t;　　RSLogix5000是支持Logix5000系統(tǒng)控制器的編程軟件，程序用梯形圖語(yǔ)言編寫，包括水泵啟動(dòng)和切換主程序、PI控制子程序、模糊控制子程序和故障報(bào)警子程序，當(dāng)采樣時(shí)間到時(shí)，PLC采集水壓信號(hào)，并與給定信號(hào)比較得到誤差e，若e<=e0(e0為PI和模糊控制切換閥值)，則進(jìn)入PI控制子程序；若e>e0，則進(jìn)入模糊控制子程序。圖3是模糊控制子程序框圖。由于RSLogix5000軟件提供了數(shù)組標(biāo)簽，因此可以用梯形圖語(yǔ)

44、言方便地實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊控制算法。在標(biāo)簽數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中建立一個(gè)7x7的二維數(shù)組標(biāo)簽array，將查詢表2的結(jié)果按照從上倒下，從左到右的順序一次輸入到數(shù)組標(biāo)簽中，由于E、Ec的量化等級(jí)為【-3，3】，而數(shù)組標(biāo)簽array的其實(shí)地址為【0，0】,因此在尋址時(shí)需要加偏移量，即：u=array（i+3，j+3），模糊控制器將計(jì)算得到的實(shí)測(cè)誤差e和誤差變化量ec量化，取得以相應(yīng)論域元素表征的查找查詢表所需的i和j，通過數(shù)組標(biāo)簽array尋址得到控制量變化uij

45、，uij再乘以比例因子便是控制量變化量?u。加在被控對(duì)象的實(shí)際控制量uk=uk</p><p>　　1+u，其中uk-1為前一次的控制量。uk經(jīng)過限幅后作為變頻器的輸出，控制水泵點(diǎn)擊的轉(zhuǎn)速，是水壓保持在給定值上。</p><p>　　變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)選取</p><p>　　合理選取壓力控制參數(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)低能耗恒壓供水。這個(gè)目的的實(shí)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵在于壓力控制參數(shù)的選取

46、，通常管網(wǎng)壓力控制點(diǎn)的選擇有兩個(gè)；一個(gè)就是管網(wǎng)最不利點(diǎn)壓力恒壓控制，另一個(gè)就是泵出口壓力恒壓控制。兩者如何選擇，我們來簡(jiǎn)單分析一下管網(wǎng)最不利點(diǎn)壓力恒定時(shí)。管網(wǎng)用水量由QMAX減少到Q1與Ha交與B點(diǎn)，用水管路特性曲線A上移并通過B點(diǎn)，管網(wǎng)最不利點(diǎn)壓力變?yōu)镠b,Hb-H0的揚(yáng)程差即為能量浪費(fèi)，所以選擇管網(wǎng)最不利點(diǎn)的最小水頭為壓力控制參數(shù)，形成閉環(huán)壓力自控系統(tǒng)，是得水泵的轉(zhuǎn)速與PID調(diào)節(jié)器設(shè)定壓力相匹配，可以達(dá)到最大節(jié)能效果，而且實(shí)現(xiàn)了恒壓

47、供水的目的。</p><p>　　變頻器在投入運(yùn)行后的調(diào)試是保證系統(tǒng)達(dá)到最佳運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的必要手段。變頻器根據(jù)負(fù)載的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量的大小，在啟動(dòng)和停止電機(jī)時(shí)所需的時(shí)間不相同，設(shè)定時(shí)間過短會(huì)導(dǎo)致變頻器在加速時(shí)過電流、在減速時(shí)過電壓保護(hù)；設(shè)定時(shí)間過長(zhǎng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致變頻器在調(diào)速運(yùn)行時(shí)使系統(tǒng)變的調(diào)節(jié)緩慢，反應(yīng)遲滯，應(yīng)變能力差，系統(tǒng)易處在短期不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)中。</p><p>　　為了變頻器不跳閘保護(hù)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用當(dāng)中的許多