外文翻譯--杏核去核設備

1、<p>　　APRICOT PITTING MACHINE</p><p>　　Malcolm W.Loveland,Emeryvile,assignor to Atlas-Pacific Engineering Co,a corporation of Califorma </p><p>　　Filed May 25, 1966, Ser. No. 552,S61&l

2、t;/p><p>　　10 Claims. (CI. 146-28)</p><p>　　This invention relates to an apricot cutting machine and more particularly relates to a machine wherein an apricot is aligned on its suture axis by a pri

3、or machine and then passes under a floating knife which cuts the apricot substantially on its suture plane and thereafter a pit kicker removes the pit from the apricot.</p><p>　　Most apricots are of a free p

4、it nature and it is only necessary to cut the fruit in half and the pit will ordinarily fall out. However, there is always a certain percentage of apricots wherein the pit is not free and tends to stick to one or both ha

5、lves of the cut apricot.</p><p>　　Apricot cutting machines having a floating non-rotating knife have heretofore been known such as that described in Patent 2,735,466 wherein the apricot is rolled under a flo

6、ating knife, the knife severing the apricot and thereafter a hook or tail forming a part of the knife dislodges the free pit as the apricot passes underneath the hook. Such a structure works well with free pit apricots b

7、ut tends to jam-up when an apricot with a stuck pit is encountered. On hand-fed machines, this occurrence i</p><p>　　It is a primary object of the present invention to provide an apricot cutting machine wher

8、ein the pits are dislodged in a positive manner.</p><p>　　Another object of this invention is to provide an apricot cutting machine having an oscillating pit kicker which positively dislodges stuck pits.<

9、/p><p>　　A still further object of this inven'ion is to provide an apricot cutting machine wherein a shroud covering the knife has a plurality of resilient fingers, imparting a positive rolling motion to th

10、e apricot thus facilitating cutting.</p><p>　　A still further object of this invention is to provide such a structure wherein the shroud can be adjusted relative to the knife whereby the machine will accommo

11、date apricots of various sizes.</p><p>　　Still another object of this invention is to provide a device wherein the knife and kicker are mounted on a common carriage which can be raised or lowered to accommod

12、ate apricots of various sizes.</p><p>　　In the drawings forming part of this application:</p><p>　　FIGURE 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a device embodying the present invention.</p&

13、gt;<p>　　FIGURE 2 is an end view on the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.</p><p>　　FIGURE 3 is an enlarged side view of the cutting and pit dislodging mechanism shown in FIGURE 1.</p><p>　　FIGURE 4 i

14、s a section on the line 4-4 of FIGURE 3.</p><p>　　FIGURE 5 is an enlarged section through an apricot showing the action of the cutting knife.</p><p>　　FIGURE 6 is a section through an apricot sh

15、owing the action of the pit kicker.</p><p>　　FIGURE 7 is a partial view similar to FIGURE 6 showing another form of pit kicker.</p><p>　　FIGURE 8 is a section of a still further form of pit kick

16、er.</p><p>　　FIGURE 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of FIGURE 1.</p><p>　　FIGURE 10 is an enlarged side view of a pit kicker constructed in accordance with the present invention.</p><p

17、>　　FIGURE 11 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the cutting knife and shroud.</p><p>　　Referring now to the drawings by reference characters, the device of the present invention, gener

18、ally designated 12, is mounted over the discharge end of an apricot orienting and propelling mechanism generally designated 14. The orienting mechanism 14 is not described in detail since it forms no part of the present

19、invention. However,it can be of the type shown in co-pending patent application, Ser. No. 452,479, filed May 3, 1965, now Patent No.3,272,311, wherein a plurality of lanes are provide</p><p>　　The overall st

20、ructure includes side frame members 20 and 22 which slideably support threaded shafts 24 and 26 mounted on guides 28 and 30. At the upper end of each threaded shaft is a sprocket 36 which is internally threaded. The spro

21、ckets 36 have a hexagon on their upper surfaces so they may be turned with a wrench.The lower hub of the sprocket has a flange 32 which fits into a grooved block 34 affixed to the guide 28. As the nut sprocket is turned

22、 on the threaded shafts 24 and 26 the shafts a</p><p>　　The cutter assembly 12 is mounted on a sub-frame 54 to which are attached vertical guides 56, 57, 58, and 59 which are arranged in pairs, forming close

23、 fitting slots in which knife 62 can slide up and down freely. The knife 62 has slots 60 therein and is held in place on the vertical guides by means of the bolts 64 and 66. Thus the knife can move up or down by the leng

24、th of the slots.Compression springs 68 and 70 normally bias the knife to the bottom of the slots 60 and give the knife blade a fl</p><p>　　knife has a floating action and can tilt or raise against the action

25、 of the springs.</p><p>　　Mounted on the knife is the shroud designated 78. The shroud itself consists of a pair of metal backing members 80 and 82 which are mirror images of each other. Blade 62 is provided

26、 with slots 84 and 86 and the halves of the shroud are bolted into these slots by means of the bolts 88. It will thus be seen that the shrouds can be located at various heights with respect to the blade edge by adjustmen

27、t of the bolts 88. The shrouds themselves comprise a rubber liner 90 secured by a suitable adhesive</p><p>　　The pit kicker itself which forms the crux of the present invention has been generally designated

28、96. The pit kicker includes a vertical forward surfaces 98 and an angular forward edge 100 which forms roughly a 30º angle with the knife blade. The pit kicker 96 is mounted on an arm 102 carried on a pivot 104 and

29、includes an upwardly extending arm 106 terminating in a cam follower 108. A compression spring 110 mounted between arm 102 and support plate 55 urges the pit kicker downwardly and the cam</p><p>　　The pit en

30、gaging portion of the pit kicker can take various forms. In the form shown in FIGURE 6 as well as in the FIGURE 3, the fruit engaging portion 100 has flat face with square edges so that it either hits the pit with its fl

31、at face or, if it hits to one side of the pit, the sharp edge between the face and the side of the kicker will tend to engage and dig into the pit. This effect can be further enhanced in the embodiment shown in FIGURE7.

32、Here the pit engaging edge, designated 100-A is ho</p><p>　　The action of the device is as follows: As an apricot passes down the V-belts 16 and 18 it is first engaged by the sloping tip end of blade 62 desi

33、gnated 74.The forward tip of this blade is higher than the highest position of any apricot to be encountered. Thus the apricot wedges under the blade and as the belts propel the apricot forward the knife slices almost in

34、to the pit, whereupon the shrouds engage the apricot retarding the upper surface, and give it a positive rotating action. </p><p>　　It has been found that about 4 inch of pit kicker travel is adeq

35、uate to secure a good job of pit removal. On a machine running at a belt speed of slightly over 800 inches per minute, a frequency of 1200 chops per minute was employed with satisfactory results. This gives the blade abo

36、ut three chops at each pit. The action which probably happens to a stuck pit is somewhat as follows:With the blade in an up or partially down position, the pit engages the kicker and is stopped in its forward motion.<

37、/p><p><b>　　I claim:</b></p><p>　　1. In a drupe pitting machine having means for propelling drupes over a path of travel wherein each drupe is positioned with its suture in a vertical p

38、lane as such drupe is delivered to a cutting station whereat a knife is positioned above the path of travel of the drupe with its blade extending generally in said vertical plane and with the cutting edge on said blade e

39、xtending parallel to said path of travel whereby the flesh of each drupe is severed into the pit therein at said cutting station;</p><p>　　(a) a pit kicker comprising a planar blade having a downwardly exten

40、ding edge for disengaging a pit in a drupe which has been cut by the knife;</p><p>　　(b) means mounting the pit kicker blade in said vertical plane with the forward end of said edge adjacent the end of the k

41、nife;</p><p>　　(c) and means for oscillating the pit kicker blade up and down independently of said knife to impart a rapid chopping motion.</p><p>　　2. The structure of claim I wherein the pit

42、kicker blade has a pit engaging edge which extends at about a 30º angle to the path of travel of the drupes.</p><p>　　3. The structure of claim 2 wherein said edge is a straight edge.</p><p&g

43、t;　　4. The structure of claim 2 wherein said edge has sharp ridges thereon.</p><p>　　5. The structure of claim 2 wherein said edge is serrated.</p><p>　　6. The structure of claim 1 wherein:</

44、p><p>　　(a) the knife is spring mounted in said plane over the path of travel of the drupes and parallel thereto;</p><p>　　(b) and shrouds extending from each side of the knife and sloping downward

45、ly therefrom to cause the fruit to rotate in its passage under the knife;</p><p>　　(c) the forward portion of said knife extending ahead of said shrouds, whereby the knife enters a drupe before the shrouds e

46、ngage the drupe.</p><p>　　7. The structure of claim 6 wherein each shroud is provided with a surface which increases the frictional grip of the shroud on a drupe to insure the rotation of the drupe.</p>

47、;<p>　　8. The structure of claim 1 wherein said pit kicker blade is oscillated at a rate such that the pit in each drupe is engaged with the blade several times as the drupe passes the blade.</p><p>　

48、　9. The structure of claim 6 wherein each shroud is provided with means whereby the shroud can be raised and lowered with respect to the knife.</p><p>　　10. The structure of claim 6 wherein the shroud extend

49、s over both the knife and the pit kicker.</p><p>　　References Cited</p><p>　　UNITED STATES PATENTS</p><p>　　1,334,162 3/1920 Moltzaer ---------- 146-72 X</p><p>　　2,

50、474,492 6/1949 Perrelli et al. _________ 146-17</p><p>　　2,664,127 12/1953 Perrelli -------------- 146-28</p><p>　　2,735,466 2/1956 Krstinich ------------ 146-72</p><p>　　2,7

51、45,453 5/1956 Perrelli et al. _________ 146-28</p><p>　　2,882,944 4/1959 Lorenzen ------------ 146-28</p><p>　　3,194,290 7/1965 McClelland et al. _____ 146-238</p><p>　　3,2

52、41,586 3/1966 Petersen et al. ________ 146-28</p><p>　　W. GRAYDON ABERCROMBIE.Primary Examiner.</p><p><b>　　杏核去核設備</b></p><p>　　Malcolm W.Loveland,Emeryvile,assignor

53、to Atlas-Pacific Engineering Co,a corporation of Califorma </p><p>　　Filed May 25, 1966, Ser. No. 552,S61</p><p>　　10 Claims. (CI. 146-28)</p><p>　　本發(fā)明涉及一個杏切割機，更具體地涉及的機器，其特征在于，杏其縫合軸

54、由現有的機器上對齊，然后下通過一個浮動刀切斷杏基本上其縫合平面上，其后凹坑噴射器去除從杏坑。</p><p>　　大多數杏坑性質，它是只需要半坑切水果通常會掉下來。然而，總是有一定比例的杏，其特征在于，所述的坑是不是免費的，往往會粘到的一個或兩個半切杏。</p><p>　　杏切割機具有一個浮動的非旋轉刀迄今已知如專利2735466中描述的，其特征在于，所述軋制的浮動刀，刀切斷杏杏此后形成

55、刀的一部分的鉤或尾部上移開免費坑下方鉤杏通行證。這樣的結構工程以及與免費坑杏子，但往往果醬杏坑卡住時遇到。在手饋電機中，這種情況的發(fā)生是由運營商很容易糾正，但現代化的自動機械，許多杏子被損壞，在這樣一個將清除卡紙本身。</p><p>　　這是本發(fā)明的一個主要目的是提供一種杏切割機，其特征在于，以積極的態(tài)度凹坑脫落。</p><p>　　本發(fā)明的另一個目的是提供一種的杏切割機具有的振蕩的凹

56、坑噴射器正面上移開卡坑。本發(fā)明的再一個目的是提供一種杏切割機，其特征在于，具有多個護罩覆蓋刀賦予正的滾動運動的彈性指狀物，從而有利于切割杏。本發(fā)明的再一個目的是提供這樣一種結構，其特征在于，所述護罩可以調整相對于刀，設備將由此適應各種尺寸的杏。本發(fā)明的再一個目的是提供一種裝置，其特征在于，所述刀和噴射器安裝在一個共同的滑架可以升高或降低，以適應各種尺寸的杏。</p><p>　　此應用程序的組成部分在附圖中：&l

57、t;/p><p>　　圖1是側視圖，部分截面，體現本??發(fā)明的一種裝置。</p><p>　　圖2是圖1中2-2線的端視圖。</p><p>　　圖3是切割和圖1中所示的凹坑拋下機構的放大側視圖。</p><p>　　圖4是圖3的4-4線的截面。</p><p>　　圖5是杏示出的切割刀的動作的放大剖視圖。</p&g

58、t;<p>　　圖6是通過杏示出的坑噴射器的動作部分。</p><p>　　圖7是類似于圖6示出另一種形式的坑噴射器的局部視圖。</p><p>　　圖8是邊的坑噴射器的再一個形式。</p><p>　　圖9是圖1中的9-9線的截面。</p><p>　　圖10是根據本發(fā)明構造的一個坑噴射器的放大側視圖。</p>

59、<p>　　圖11是一透視圖，示出的切割刀和護罩之間的關系。</p><p>　　現在參照附圖通過參考字符，本發(fā)明的裝置，通常指定為12，安裝在杏定向和推進機構14的排出端。定向機構14還沒有詳細描述，因為它不構成本發(fā)明的一部分。但是，它可以是在共同未決的專利申請，絲氨酸所示的類型。第452479號，1965年5月3日申請，現在專利3，272,311，其特征在于，所述多個通道中所提供的每一個包括移動皮帶

60、16和18排列在一個大致V形的配置的目的，推動杏子下來所需的路徑。示出在本實施例中，五個這樣的車道所提供的，雖然這將是明顯的，本領域的技術人員在現有技術中，可以采用更小或更大的車道數。</p><p>　　它的整體結構，包括側框架部件20和22可滑動地支持螺紋導板28和30安裝在軸24和26。各螺紋軸的上端處是一個有內螺紋的鏈輪36。的鏈輪36具有在其上表面上的六邊形，這樣他們可能會變成與wrench.The下輪

61、轂鏈輪裝入一個開槽塊34固定到導向器28的凸緣32。的螺紋軸24和26導通，因為螺母鏈輪的軸移動的鏈輪轉動因不同的方向上的向上或向下。通過越過一個tightner鏈輪40的滾子鏈38的鏈輪是聯系在一起的。通過這種布置時，打開一個鏈輪，鏈輪轉動量等。提供用于支承切割器組件的滑架的橫向桿42和44與連接器46是連在一起的。牢固地連接到連接器46的螺紋軸24和26，所以上升和下降與軸保持平行關系皮帶16和18。安裝在托架上的馬達安裝部52與滑

62、架的上升和下降。</p><p>　　被安裝在切割器組件12的子幀54，其上連接的垂直導向件56，57，58，和59成對排</p><p>　　列，形成緊密配合的槽刀62可以向上滑動和向下自由。刀62具有在其中的槽60，和被保持在螺栓64和66上的垂直導向裝置。因此，刀可以向上移動或向下的槽的長度。壓縮彈簧68和70正常偏置的刀槽60的底部，并提供對刀片的浮動動作。理想的是，彈簧包括導板7

63、2，以保持彈簧向一側偏轉。刀本身具有的前端部74和水平部76。的前端部74與水平部76的角度為約200。因此，可以看出，刀有一個浮動的動作，并且可以傾斜或提高防止彈簧的動作。</p><p>　　安裝對刀護罩指定78。該護罩本身由一對金屬背襯構件80和82是彼此的鏡像。葉片62設置有槽84和86，并通過螺栓88，用螺栓固定在護罩的一半插入這些插槽。因此，可以看出，整流罩可以位于不同高度的調整螺栓88相對于刃尖。整

64、流罩本身包括由合適的粘合劑固定到襯背構件的橡膠襯套90，并包括多個小的橡膠手指92把持水果。在護罩的前端是彎曲的，在94向上楔作用產生的果實第一次遇到的護罩，護罩延伸長的刀和繼續(xù)在坑起腳刀片。</p><p>　　坑起腳本身已經形成的癥結，本發(fā)明一般指定96。的的凹坑噴射器包括一個垂直的前表面98的角度形成大約30°的角度與刀片的前邊緣100。被安裝在一個樞軸104上的臂102進行的凹坑噴射器96包括一

65、個向上延伸的臂106終止于一凸輪從動件108。一個壓縮彈簧110的安裝臂102和支承板55之間向下敦促坑噴射器和凸輪從動件108與凸輪112接觸。凸輪112安裝在軸114通過皮帶118驅動的原動機116。在這種方式中，的凹坑噴射器96給出的振蕩運動，因為，通過它移動的圓弧是相當小的，這個裝置幾乎完全是垂直的。</p><p>　　坑坑起腳接合部可以采取多種形式。如圖6所示，在圖3中的，卡合部100的果實方的邊緣，

66、以便它或者撞擊坑的與平坦面，或，如果它擊中坑的一側，具有平坦面的形式鋒利的邊緣臉和側面起腳將傾向于從事挖成坑。在圖7中所示的實施例中，可以進一步增強這種效應。這里的凹坑嚙合邊緣，標號100-A是中空地上中空的中心的每一側上具有鋒利的脊。從圖7中可以看出，這些棱脊往往會從事一個坑，撞出。效果還可以進一步增強的形式示于圖8和10的方法，其中，凹坑被給于100-B的鋸齒形邊緣。很明顯，這樣的邊緣有一系列的尖點，將傾向于挖成坑，并積極使其脫離杏

67、。</p><p>　　設備的動作如下：作為一個杏傳下來的V帶16和18，這是第一次從事由傾斜的刀片末端6274.The向前尖此刀片是高于任何最高位置杏會遇到的問題。因此，刀片下杏楔皮帶推動杏進刀片都快成坑，于是整流罩從事杏阻燃的上表面，并給它一個積極的旋轉動作。因此，杏傾向于滾動沿著平坦部分76刀至少一個完整的革命，徹底切斷杏。理想的是，刀只是凹坑，在護罩的作用不僅是引起的旋轉動作，而且還可以防止刀穿透深度超過

68、期望杏。因此，本發(fā)明的一個重要方面是可調節(jié)的功能，其中，所述護罩可以進行調整，以提供任何所需的深度，通過調整整個滑架cut.Further，杏上的壓力進行調整，使不正當的壓力量不會施加護罩，傾向于粉碎運行時，大果杏。由于杏通常預先排序條件為大小，本發(fā)明的機器是理想的調整通過如上所述的兩個調整運行單個果實的大小，雖然合理滿意的結果，可能遇到的相當大的變化，果實的大小。</p><p>　　人們已經發(fā)現，大約4英寸坑

69、起腳旅游足以確保一份好工作坑去除。一臺機器上運行時皮帶速度略超過800英寸每分鐘，頻率為每分鐘1200羊排被雇用，結果令人滿意。這使刀片在每個坑大約三個印章。的動作，這可能會發(fā)生卡住的坑是有點如下：隨著刀片在向上或部分向下位置時，凹坑嚙合的噴射器，并在其上下行程的前進motion.The停止，然后推入坑的某些部分1 / 4英寸出其接觸位置。當刀縮回杏和坑的進一步向前推動的作用，使凹坑噴射器的傾斜部的結合的皮帶尼特進一步脫落的每個筆畫。兩

70、三招坑起腳可能從原來的位置，這是足以使其脫離杏半的坑向下移動從VA到N英寸。進行比較時，擺動凹坑的本發(fā)明的噴射器與固定刀與一個固定的，如在現有技術中所示的鞋跟，卡坑切水果在剩余的數量減</p><p>　　少了五個因素ten.Although擺動坑噴射器的使用已被描述，連同一個特定類型的縱切刀，優(yōu)選如此使用，也可以采用與其他切斷devices.It從前面的被認為是明顯的，我提供了一個上位機縱切杏起腳一個本質上解決

71、了這個問題卡住坑。</p><p><b>　　我要求：</b></p><p>　　1。具有推動的核果以上的行進路徑的裝置，用于在一核果點蝕機，其特征在于，其在垂直平面內的縫合線的位置與每個核果例如核果傳遞到切割臺，一把刀，位于上方的行進路徑的核果與它的葉片延伸在所述垂直平面內，并與切削刃上的所述葉片平行地延伸的所述傳送路徑的每個核果的肉被切斷，據此，在其中放入坑內

72、所述切割站，其改進包括：</p><p>　　（a）一個坑起腳，包括平面刀片具有向下延伸的邊緣脫離一個坑已被切割刀核果;</p><p>　?。╞）用于安裝的的凹坑噴射器葉片在所述豎直平面內的前端，所述邊相鄰的端部的刀;</p><p>　　（c）和向上和向下振蕩的凹坑噴射器葉片的裝置，用于獨立于所述刀賦予快速斬波運動</p><p>　　2

73、。根據權利要求的結構，其中的凹坑噴射器葉片具有以大約30°角延伸核果的行進路徑的凹坑嚙合邊緣。</p><p>　　3。根據結構2的要求，其中所述邊緣是一條直邊。</p><p>　　4。根據結構2的要求，其特征在于，所述邊緣有其上的。</p><p>　　5。根據結構2的要求，其中所述邊緣是鋸齒形。</p><p>　　6。根據結

74、構1的要求，其中：</p><p>　?。╝）刀是彈簧安裝在說飛機在旅游核果和與之平行的路徑;</p><p>　?。╞）和整流罩從刀和向下傾斜從其每一側延伸，導致水果，通過在旋轉下刀;</p><p>　?。╟）前部說，刀提前延伸罩，使刀進入前整流罩從事核果核果。</p><p>　　7。根據結構6的要求，其特征在于，每個護罩上設置有一個表

75、面，該表面增加的摩擦抓地力，在護罩上的一核果，以確保旋轉的核果。</p><p>　　8。根據結構1的方法，其中所述的結構坑噴射器葉片振動的速度，使得在每個核果坑是從事與刀片幾次，核果通過葉片。</p><p>　　9。根據結構6的方法，其中每個罩設置有裝置，從而在護罩相對于刀可以升高和降低，。</p><p>　　10。根據結構6的方法，其特征在于，所述導流罩延伸

76、過刀和凹坑噴射器。</p><p><b>　　參考文獻</b></p><p><b>　　美國專利</b></p><p>　　1,334,162 3/1920 Moltzaer ---------- 146-72 X</p><p>　　2,474,492 6/1949 Perre

77、lli et al.---------- 146-17</p><p>　　2,664,127 12/1953 Perrelli -------------- 146-28</p><p>　　2,735,466 2/1956 Krstinich ------------ 146-72</p><p>　　2,745,453 5/1956 Perrel

78、li et al.---------- 146-28</p><p>　　2,882,944 4/1959 Lorenzen ------------ 146-28</p><p>　　3,194,290 7/1965 McClelland et al.---------- 146-238</p><p>　　3,241,586 3/1966 Pe